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0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ Mortality 58% Improvement Relative Risk Death/hospitalization -127% Hospitalization -127% Molnupiravir  Inaba et al.  EARLY TREATMENT Is early treatment with molnupiravir beneficial for COVID-19? Retrospective 294 patients in Japan Higher death/hosp. (p=0.22) and hospitalization (p=0.22), not sig. c19early.org Inaba et al., Research Square, January 2023 Favors molnupiravir Favors control

Real-world data concerning the efficacy of molnupiravir in patients vaccinated against COVID-19 during the Omicron surge in Japan

Inaba et al., Research Square, doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2451986/v1
Jan 2023  
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Retrospective 294 consecutive patients in Japan, showing higher risk of hospitalization/death with molnupiravir, without statistical significance.
Concerns have been raised that the mutagenic mechanism of action may create dangerous variants or cause cancer Chamod, Hadj Hassine, Huntsman, Marikawa, Swanstrom, Waters, Zhou, Zibat. Multiple analyses have identified variants potentially created by molnupiravir Fountain-Jones, Kosakovsky Pond, Sanderson, twitter.com.
risk of death, 58.3% lower, RR 0.42, p = 1.00, treatment 0 of 84 (0.0%), control 1 of 210 (0.5%), NNT 210, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events (with reciprocal of the contrasting arm).
risk of death/hospitalization, 127.0% higher, RR 2.27, p = 0.22, treatment 5 of 84 (6.0%), control 8 of 210 (3.8%), odds ratio converted to relative risk, day 28.
risk of hospitalization, 127.0% higher, RR 2.27, p = 0.22, treatment 5 of 84 (6.0%), control 8 of 210 (3.8%), odds ratio converted to relative risk, day 28.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Inaba et al., 15 Jan 2023, retrospective, Japan, preprint, 9 authors.
This PaperMolnupiravirAll
Real-world data concerning the efficacy of molnupiravir in patients vaccinated against COVID-19 during the Omicron surge in Japan
Satoshi Inaba, Naoya Nishioka, Hisatoshi Okumura, Koshi Nakao, Yu Hattori, Shun Futamura, Tomohito Hattori, Kengo Okabe, Daichi Nishiyama
doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2451986/v1
Molnupiravir is among the antiviral agents used to treat COVID-19; however, reported data on the e cacy of this drug are based on results from unvaccinated patients. As such, the e cacy of molnupiravir among vaccinated patients during the B1.1.529 (Omicron) variant outbreak remains unknown. To address this issue, this study retrospectively analyzed data from 294 vaccinated patients with COVID-19 who had at least one risk factor, between May and October 2022. Patients were divided into the molnupiravir group and the control group to investigate the correlations of molnupiravir and other factors with rates of hospitalization and death (hospitalization/death) within 28 days of admission. Potential risk factors were also examined. The study ndings indicated that molnupiravir was not associated with the rate of hospitalization/death, while age ≥ 80 years, residence in a long-term care facility, and presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were signi cantly associated with the rate of hospitalization/death. Although the current results suggest that the effect of vaccination in preventing severe illness against the Omicron variant is well maintained, additional studies on risk factors and outcomes are required to validate this study's ndings.
Author Contributions: NN and ND made substantial contributions to the conception of the work. HO, KN, YH, TH, and KO made signi cant contributions to the data analysis and interpretation. SI drafted the original manuscript. NN and other authors substantially contributed to the revision of the manuscript drafts. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. Institutional Review Board Statement: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Local Ethical Committee of Fukuchiyama City Hospital (Code number 4-26 and date of approval: September 28, 2022). Informed Consent Statement: Patient consent was waived due to the retrospective design and the ethical guidelines. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
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