Association of Azvudine with severe outcomes among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 during an omicron-dominance period in Wuhan, China: a single-center, retrospective, matched cohort study
Zihao Guo, Wenjing Li, Kailu Wang, Yun Lu, Suyu Gao, Xinping Wang, Yanji Zhao, Ziyu Zhai, Boqiang Chen, Feng Sun, Shi Zhao, Hong Cheng
BMC Infectious Diseases, doi:10.1186/s12879-025-11625-8
Background Constantly emerging SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants with potent immune escape kept the COVID-19 pandemic ongoing. Apart from vaccination, effective antiviral drug is necessary to achieve clinical improvement, especially for hospitalized patients. To date, there was limited data on the clinical effectiveness of Azvudine. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of Azvudine among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in a real-world healthcare setting. Method In this single-center, retrospective cohort study, hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from Dec 1, 2022 to May 31, 2023 were recruited in a tertiary hospital in Wuhan, China. Azvudine recipients and controls were propensity-score matched with a ratio of 1:1, based on age, sex, baseline Charlson comorbidity index, time from symptom onset to treatment exposure, initiation of concomitant treatment at admission, and abnormality of chest computed tomography image. The primary outcomes included a composite measure of severe outcomes (ICU admission and invasive mechanical ventilation), and all-cause death, and the secondary outcome was the time to negative nucleic acid conversion. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the matching covariates. The incidence rate was computed, and the hazard ratio (HR) was estimated by using the Cox proportional hazards regression model for each outcome.
Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University (No.: 2023013 K). The need for obtaining informed consent to participate was waived by the Medical Ethics Committee of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.
Consent for publication Not applicable.
Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests.
Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
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