Effects of Different Anticoagulation Doses on Moderate-to-Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia With Hypoxemia

Nadeem et al., Cureus, doi:10.7759/cureus.43389

Aug 2023

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Retrospective 132 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in the USA, showing no significant difference in mortality with remdesivir in unadjusted results.

Gérard, Zhou, Wu, Kamo, Choi, Kim show significantly increased risk of acute kidney injury with remdesivir.

This study is excluded in the after exclusion results of meta analysis: unadjusted results with no group details.

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risk of death, 12.5% higher, RR 1.12, p = 1.00, treatment 12 of 96 (12.5%), control 4 of 36 (11.1%).

Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates

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Nadeem et al., 12 Aug 2023, retrospective, USA, peer-reviewed, mean age 59.0, 6 authors, study period 1 March, 2020 - 28 February, 2022. Contact: aminnadeem@yahoo.com.

This Paper Remdesivir All

Effects of Different Anticoagulation Doses on Moderate-to-Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia With Hypoxemia

Amin Ur Rehman Nadeem, Syed M Naqvi, Kurian G Chandy, Venkata V Nagineni, Rashid Nadeem, Shreya Desai

Cureus, doi:10.7759/cureus.43389

Background COVID-19 is a prothrombotic disease that can cause thromboembolism and microthrombi, which could lead to multiorgan failure and death. Since COVID-19 is a relatively new disease, there are guidelines for anticoagulation dosing for COVID-19 patients without consensus on the dosing. We studied the effects of different doses of anticoagulation in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and hypoxemia on any differences in need for high-flow oxygen, mechanical ventilation, and mortality. We also analyzed the patient population who benefited most from anticoagulation. Methodology We performed a retrospective chart review of all patients who were admitted with the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection with positive polymerase chain reaction, pneumonia (confirmed either by chest X-ray or CT chest), and hypoxemia (oxygen saturation of <94%, while on room air). These patients were studied for outcomes (the need for high-flow oxygen, the requirement for mechanical ventilation, and overall mortality) for different doses of anticoagulation (prophylactic, escalated, and therapeutic). Results The sample consists of 132 subjects, predominantly males (116, 87%), with a mean age of 59 years and a standard deviation of 15. About one-third of the participants had diabetes, and more than 50% had hypertension. Additionally, 27 (20.3%) had a history of heart disease, and 70 (53%) of the subjects were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) at some point during the study. Among those admitted to the ICU, about 11 (8%) subjects required mechanical ventilation and 16 (12%) passed away during the study. Those who died had higher use of high-flow oxygen, noninvasive mechanical ventilation, and invasive mechanical ventilation and had a longer stay on mechanical ventilation. There was no significant difference in mortality or need for mechanical ventilation for any strategy of anticoagulation. Conclusions Different doses of anticoagulation did not show any statistically significant relationship between the need for mechanical ventilation and mortality. More patients on high-flow oxygen had received escalated doses of anticoagulation as compared to those who were not on high-flow oxygen. Anticoagulation levels did not have any statistically significant effect on overall survival of patients.

Additional Information Disclosures Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Edward Hines Jr. Veterans Administration (VA) Hospital, Hines, IL, USA issued approval 21-015. The Institutional Review Board (IRB) committee at Edward Hines Jr. Veterans Administration (VA) Hospital, Hines, IL, USA, approved this study (approval number 21-015). Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

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Late treatment
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