Abstract: Remdesivir treatment in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a comparative analysis of inhospital all-cause mortality in a large multi-center observational cohort Essy Mozaffari1, Aastha Chandak2, Zhiji Zhang2, Shuting Liang1, Mark Thrun1, Robert L Gottlieb3, Haubrich1 1 Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, CA, USA 94404; 2 Certara, 295 Madison Ave, 23rd Fl, New York, NY, USA 10017; 3Baylor University Medical Center Dallas; Baylor Scott and White Heart and Vascular Hospital; Baylor Scott and White The Heart Hospital Plano, and Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, 3410 Worth St, Suite 250, Dallas TX, USA 75246; 4Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne St, Cambridge, MA, USA 02139; 5Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA 02115; 6University of North Carolina, 130 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 27599 Corresponding author details: Robert L Gottlieb, MD, PhD Advanced Heart Failure and Transplant Cardiologist Baylor University Medical Center & Baylor Scott and White Research Institute 3410 Worth St, Suite 250, Dallas, TX, 75246 United States Email: robert.gottlieb@bswhealth.org © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com Daniel R. Kuritzkes4, Paul E. Sax5, David A. Wohl6, Roman Casciano2, Paul Hodgkins1, Richard Summary: Patients treated with remdesivir had a significantly lower risk of mortality compared to those not treated with remdesivir. Consistent with other studies, this large study of U.S. clinical practice supports remdesivir as a treatment option for appropriate COVID-19 patients. 2 Abstract: Background: Remdesivir (RDV) improved clinical outcomes among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in randomized trials, but data from clinical practice are limited. Nov 2020 and treated with RDV within two-days of hospitalization vs. those not receiving RDV during their hospitalization using the Premier Healthcare Database. Preferential within-hospital propensity score matching with replacement was used. Additionally, patients were also matched on baseline oxygenation level (no supplemental oxygen charges (NSO), low-flow oxygen (LFO), high-flow oxygen/non-invasive ventilation (HFO/NIV) and invasive mechanical ventilation/ECMO (IMV/ECMO) and two-month admission window and excluded if discharged within 3-days of admission (to exclude anticipated discharges/transfers within 72-hrs consistent with ACTT-1 study). Cox Proportional Hazards models were used to assess time to 14-/28-day mortality overall and for patients on NSO, LFO, HFO/NIV and IMV/ECMO. Results: 28,855 RDV patients were matched to 16,687 unique non-RDV patients. Overall, 10.6% and 15.4% RDV patients..