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A Case-Control of Patients with COVID-19 to Explore the Association of Previous Hospitalisation Use of Medication on the Mortality of COVID-19 Disease: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis

Monserrat Villatoro et al., Pharmaceuticals, doi:10.3390/ph15010078
Jan 2022  
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Mortality, loratadine 80% Improvement Relative Risk Loratadine  Monserrat Villatoro et al.  Prophylaxis Is prophylaxis with loratadine beneficial for COVID-19? PSM retrospective study in Spain Lower mortality with loratadine (p=0.05) c19early.org Monserrat Villatoro et al., Pharmaceut.., Jan 2022 Favorsloratadine Favorscontrol 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+
10th treatment shown to reduce risk in December 2020, now with p = 0.00006 from 15 studies.
Lower risk for mortality, recovery, and cases.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
5,100+ studies for 110 treatments. c19early.org
PSM retrospective 3,712 hospitalized patients in Spain, showing lower mortality with existing use of loratadine.
Study covers antihistamine H1RAs, vitamin B9, aspirin, colchicine, and budesonide.
risk of death, 80.0% lower, OR 0.20, p = 0.05, loratadine, RR approximated with OR.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Monserrat Villatoro et al., 8 Jan 2022, retrospective, propensity score matching, Spain, peer-reviewed, 18 authors.
This PaperH1RAsAll
A Case-Control of Patients with COVID-19 to Explore the Association of Previous Hospitalisation Use of Medication on the Mortality of COVID-19 Disease: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Jaime Monserrat Villatoro, Gina Mejía-Abril, Lucía Díaz García, Pablo Zubiaur, María Jiménez González, Guillermo Fernandez Jimenez, Inés Cancio, José Ramón Arribas, Carmen Suarez Fernández, Jesús Mingorance, Julio García Rodríguez, José Ramón Villagrasa Ferrer, Antonio J Carcas, Jesús Frías, Francisco Abad-Santos, Alberto M Borobia, Elena Ramírez
Pharmaceuticals, doi:10.3390/ph15010078
Data from several cohorts of coronavirus disease 2019 suggest that the most common comorbidities for severe COVID-19 disease are the elderly, high blood pressure, and diabetes; however, it is not currently known whether the previous use of certain drugs help or hinder recovery. This study aims to explore the association of previous hospitalisation use of medication on the mortality of COVID-19 disease. A retrospective case-control from two hospitals in Madrid, Spain, included all patients aged 18 years or above hospitalised with a diagnosis of COVID-19. A Propensity Score matching (PSM) analysis was performed. Confounding variables were considered to be age, sex, and the number of comorbidities. Finally, 3712 patients were included. Of these, 687 (18.5%) patients died (cases). The 22,446 medicine trademarks used previous to admission were classified according to the ATC, obtaining 689 final drugs; all of them were included in PSM analysis. Eleven drugs displayed a reduction in mortality: azithromycin, bemiparine, budesonide-formoterol fumarate, cefuroxime, colchicine, enoxaparin, ipratropium bromide, loratadine, mepyramine theophylline acetate, oral rehydration salts, and salbutamol sulphate. Eight final drugs displayed an increase in mortality: acetylsalicylic acid, digoxin, folic acid, mirtazapine, linagliptin, enalapril, atorvastatin, and allopurinol. Medication associated with survival (anticoagulants, antihistamines, azithromycin, bronchodilators, cefuroxime, colchicine, and inhaled corticosteroids) may be candidates for future clinical trials. Drugs associated with mortality show an interaction with the underlying conditions.
Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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