The association between COVID-19 vaccination and confirmed patients with hospitalization in Omicron era A retrospective study
MD Ming-Hung Chang, PhD Kuang-Ming Liao
doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000036777
With the emergence of Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Taiwan has encountered the greatest coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic since 2022 spring. We analyzed the characteristics, vaccinations, and outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients quarantined in a dedicated ward. This retrospective study enrolled hospitalized COVID-19 patients in the dedicated wards of a district hospital in southern Taiwan from May 2022 to July 2022. We assessed in-hospital mortality, hospital length of stay (LOS), and dedicated ward LOS. Among 209 COVID-19 patients, the in-hospital mortality rates were 20.7% and 29.7% (P = .145) in patients with and without vaccination. A shorter dedicated ward LOS was noted in the vaccination group, with marginal statistical significance. Age, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score were recognized as strong prognostic indicators for mortality in multivariable analysis. Vaccination demonstrated significant lower odds of death among relatively young populations in subgroup analysis. COVID-19 vaccination had significant efficacy in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in the relatively young group, and the effect may decline among individuals with advanced age and multiple comorbidities.
Author contributions
Conceptualization
References
Abu-Raddad, Chemaitelly, Ayoub, Effect of mRNA vaccine boosters against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection in Qatar, N Engl J Med
Agrawal, Bedston, Mccowan, Severe COVID-19 outcomes after full vaccination of primary schedule and initial boosters: pooled analysis of national prospective cohort studies of 30 million individuals in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales, Lancet
Agrawal, Katikireddi, Mccowan, COVID-19 hospital admissions and deaths after BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccinations in 2•57 million people in Scotland (EAVE II): a prospective cohort study, Lancet Respir Med
Andrews, Stowe, Kirsebom, Covid-19 vaccine effectiveness against the Omicron (B11529) variant, N Engl J Med
Baden, Sahly, Essink, Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, N Engl J Med
Bernal, Andrews, Gower, Effectiveness of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines on covid-19 related symptoms, hospital admissions, and mortality in older adults in England: test negative case-control study, BMJ
Butt, Talisa, Shaikh, Relative vaccine effectiveness of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 messenger RNA vaccine booster dose against the omicron variant, Clin Infect Dis
Chalkias, Harper, Vrbicky, A bivalent omicron-containing booster vaccine against Covid-19, N Engl J Med
Charlson, Pompei, Ales, A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation, J Chronic Dis
Chemaitelly, Ayoub, Almukdad, Duration of mRNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA1 and BA2 subvariants in Qatar, Nat Commun
Citu, Citu, Motoc, Predictive value of SOFA and qSOFA for in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients: a single-center study in Romania, J Pers Med
Dagan, Barda, Kepten, BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine in a nationwide mass vaccination setting, N Engl J Med
Guan, Ni, Hu, Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China, N Engl J Med
Huang, Wang, Li, Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China, Lancet
Kuswardhani, Henrina, Pranata, Charlson comorbidity index and a composite of poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Diabetes Metab Syndr
Mohammed, Nauman, Paul, The efficacy and effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccines in reducing infection, severity, hospitalization, and mortality: a systematic review, Hum Vaccin Immunother
Naik, Avula, Palleti, From emergence to endemicity: a comprehensive review of COVID-19, Cureus
Ruan, Yang, Wang, Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China [published correction appears in Intensive Care Med 2020 Apr 6, Intensive Care Med
Shao, Zhang, Fang, Challenges of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and appropriate countermeasures, J Microbiol Immunol Infect
Singer, Deutschman, Seymour, The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3), JAMA
Tenforde, Self, Adams, Association between mRNA vaccination and COVID-19 hospitalization and disease severity, JAMA
Tsai, Hervey, Hoffman, COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and acceptance among individuals with cancer, autoimmune diseases, or other serious comorbid conditions: cross-sectional, internet-based survey, JMIR Public Health Surveill
Vasileiou, Simpson, Shi, Interim findings from firstdose mass COVID-19 vaccination roll-out and COVID-19 hospital admissions in Scotland: a national prospective cohort study, Lancet
Wang, Hu, Hu, Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China [published correction appears, JAMA
Willett, Grove, Maclean, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron is an immune escape variant with an altered cell entry pathway [published correction appears in, Nat Microbiol
Wu, Mcgoogan, Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese center for disease control and prevention, JAMA
Zhang, Li, Liang, The significant immune escape of pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron, Emerg Microbes Infect
Zhou, Yu, Du, Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study, correction appears in Lancet
