Does the Consumption of Metformin Correlate With a Reduction in Mortality Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and COVID-19 in Morocco?

{ 'indexed': { 'date-parts': [[2025, 1, 12]], 'date-time': '2025-01-12T05:21:46Z', 'timestamp': 1736659306657, 'version': '3.32.0'}, 'reference-count': 31, 'publisher': 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 'content-domain': {'domain': [], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2025, 1, 11]]}, 'DOI': '10.7759/cureus.77288', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2025, 1, 11]], 'date-time': '2025-01-11T17:55:46Z', 'timestamp': 1736618146000}, 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'Does the Consumption of Metformin Correlate With a Reduction in Mortality Among Patients With ' 'Type 2 Diabetes and COVID-19 in Morocco?', 'prefix': '10.7759', 'author': [ {'given': 'Bouchra', 'family': 'Benfathallah', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Abha', 'family': 'Cherkani Hassani', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Samia', 'family': 'El Hilali', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Redouane', 'family': 'Abouqal', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Laïla', 'family': 'Benchekroun', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '297', 'reference': [ { 'key': 'ref1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1111/febs.16105', 'article-title': 'The role of T-cell immunity in COVID-19 severity amongst people living ' 'with type II diabetes', 'volume': '288', 'author': 'Tong ZW', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Tong ZW, Grant E, Gras S, et al.. The role of T-cell immunity in ' 'COVID-19 severity amongst people living with type II diabetes. FEBS J. ' '2021, 288:5042-54. 10.1111/febs.16105', 'journal-title': 'FEBS J'}, { 'key': 'ref2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30271-0', 'article-title': 'Risk factors for COVID-19-related mortality in people with type 1 and ' 'type 2 diabetes in England: a population-based cohort study', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'Holman N', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Holman N, Knighton P, Kar P, et al.. Risk factors for COVID-19-related ' 'mortality in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in England: a ' 'population-based cohort study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020, ' '8:823-33. 10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30271-0', 'journal-title': 'Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol'}, { 'key': 'ref3', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30116-8', 'article-title': 'Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk ' 'for COVID-19 infection?', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'Fang L', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Fang L, Karakiulakis G, Roth M. Are patients with hypertension and ' 'diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection?. Lancet ' 'Respir Med. 2020, 8:e21. 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30116-8', 'journal-title': 'Lancet Respir Med'}, { 'key': 'ref4', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1002/jmv.28100', 'article-title': 'Bidirectional causal associations between type 2 diabetes and COVID-19', 'volume': '95', 'author': 'Cao H', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Cao H, Baranova A, Wei X, Wang C, Zhang F. Bidirectional causal ' 'associations between type 2 diabetes and COVID-19. J Med Virol. 2023, ' '95:e28100. 10.1002/jmv.28100', 'journal-title': 'J Med Virol'}, { 'key': 'ref5', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1210/clinem/dgab067', 'article-title': 'Association of metformin with susceptibility to COVID-19 in people with ' 'type 2 diabetes', 'volume': '106', 'author': 'Wang J', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Wang J, Cooper JM, Gokhale K, et al.. Association of metformin with ' 'susceptibility to COVID-19 in people with type 2 diabetes. J Clin ' 'Endocrinol Metab. 2021, 106:1255-68. 10.1210/clinem/dgab067', 'journal-title': 'J Clin Endocrinol Metab'}, { 'key': 'ref6', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.3390/jcm13071874', 'article-title': 'Is metformin use associated with a more favorable Covid-19 course in ' 'people with diabetes?', 'volume': '13', 'author': 'Silverii GA', 'year': '2024', 'unstructured': 'Silverii GA, Fumagalli C, Rozzini R, Milani M, Mannucci E, Marchionni N. ' 'Is metformin use associated with a more favorable Covid-19 course in ' 'people with diabetes?. J Clin Med. 2024, 13:1874. 10.3390/jcm13071874', 'journal-title': 'J Clin Med'}, { 'key': 'ref7', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.2337/dc22-2539', 'article-title': 'Metformin for treatment of acute COVID-19: systematic review of ' 'clinical trial data against SARS-CoV-2', 'volume': '46', 'author': 'Erickson SM', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Erickson SM, Fenno SL, Barzilai N, et al.. Metformin for treatment of ' 'acute COVID-19: systematic review of clinical trial data against ' 'SARS-CoV-2. Diabetes Care. 2023, 46:1432-42. 10.2337/dc22-2539', 'journal-title': 'Diabetes Care'}, { 'key': 'ref8', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/S2666-7568(20)30033-7', 'article-title': 'Metformin and risk of mortality in patients hospitalised with COVID-19: ' 'a retrospective cohort analysis', 'volume': '2', 'author': 'Bramante CT', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Bramante CT, Ingraham NE, Murray TA, et al.. Metformin and risk of ' 'mortality in patients hospitalised with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort ' 'analysis. Lancet Healthy Longev. 2021, 2:e34-41. ' '10.1016/S2666-7568(20)30033-7', 'journal-title': 'Lancet Healthy Longev'}, { 'key': 'ref9', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pone.0282210', 'article-title': 'Is metformin use associated with low mortality in patients with type 2 ' 'diabetes mellitus hospitalized for COVID-19? a multivariable and ' 'propensity score-adjusted meta-analysis', 'volume': '18', 'author': 'Ma Z', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Ma Z, Krishnamurthy M. Is metformin use associated with low mortality in ' 'patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus hospitalized for COVID-19? a ' 'multivariable and propensity score-adjusted meta-analysis. PLoS One. ' '2023, 18:e0282210. 10.1371/journal.pone.0282210', 'journal-title': 'PLoS One'}, { 'key': 'ref10', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.3389/fmed.2021.704666', 'article-title': 'Metformin in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and ' 'meta-analysis', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'Li Y', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Li Y, Yang X, Yan P, Sun T, Zeng Z, Li S. Metformin in patients with ' 'COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne). ' '2021, 8:704666. 10.3389/fmed.2021.704666', 'journal-title': 'Front Med (Lausanne)'}, { 'key': 'ref11', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.diabet.2020.101216', 'article-title': 'Metformin use is associated with a reduced risk of mortality in ' 'patients with diabetes hospitalised for COVID-19', 'volume': '47', 'author': 'Lalau JD', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Lalau JD, Al-Salameh A, Hadjadj S, et al.. Metformin use is associated ' 'with a reduced risk of mortality in patients with diabetes hospitalised ' 'for COVID-19. Diabetes Metab. 2021, 47:101216. ' '10.1016/j.diabet.2020.101216', 'journal-title': 'Diabetes Metab'}, { 'key': 'ref12', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.4269/ajtmh.20-0375', 'article-title': 'Metformin treatment was associated with decreased mortality in COVID-19 ' 'patients with diabetes in a retrospective analysis', 'volume': '103', 'author': 'Luo P', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Luo P, Qiu L, Liu Y, et al.. Metformin treatment was associated with ' 'decreased mortality in COVID-19 patients with diabetes in a ' 'retrospective analysis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020, 103:69-72. ' '10.4269/ajtmh.20-0375', 'journal-title': 'Am J Trop Med Hyg'}, { 'key': 'ref13', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119371', 'article-title': 'Effects of metformin, insulin on COVID-19 patients with pre-existed ' 'type 2 diabetes: a multicentral retrospective study', 'volume': '275', 'author': 'Cheng X', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Cheng X, Xin S, Chen Y, et al.. Effects of metformin, insulin on ' 'COVID-19 patients with pre-existed type 2 diabetes: a multicentral ' 'retrospective study. Life Sci. 2021, 275:119371. ' '10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119371', 'journal-title': 'Life Sci'}, { 'key': 'ref14', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30152-2', 'article-title': 'Practical recommendations for the management of diabetes in patients ' 'with COVID-19', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'Bornstein SR', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Bornstein SR, Rubino F, Khunti K, et al.. Practical recommendations for ' 'the management of diabetes in patients with COVID-19. Lancet Diabetes ' 'Endocrinol. 2020, 8:546-50. 10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30152-2', 'journal-title': 'Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol'}, { 'key': 'ref15', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108268', 'article-title': 'Is metformin ahead in the race as a repurposed host-directed therapy ' 'for patients with diabetes and COVID-19?', 'volume': '165', 'author': 'Singh AK', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Singh AK, Singh R. Is metformin ahead in the race as a repurposed ' 'host-directed therapy for patients with diabetes and COVID-19?. Diabetes ' 'Res Clin Pract. 2020, 165:108268. 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108268', 'journal-title': 'Diabetes Res Clin Pract'}, { 'key': 'ref16', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108183', 'article-title': 'Metformin in COVID-19: a possible role beyond diabetes', 'volume': '164', 'author': 'Sharma S', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Sharma S, Ray A, Sadasivam B. Metformin in COVID-19: a possible role ' 'beyond diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020, 164:108183. ' '10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108183', 'journal-title': 'Diabetes Res Clin Pract'}, { 'key': 'ref17', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1002/rmv.2146', 'article-title': 'Predictors of COVID-19 severity: a literature review', 'volume': '31', 'author': 'Gallo Marin B', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Gallo Marin B, Aghagoli G, Lavine K, et al.. Predictors of COVID-19 ' 'severity: a literature review. Rev Med Virol. 2021, 31:1-10. ' '10.1002/rmv.2146', 'journal-title': 'Rev Med Virol'}, { 'key': 'ref18', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.tim.2021.03.004', 'article-title': 'Therapeutic potential of metformin in COVID-19: reasoning for its ' 'protective role', 'volume': '29', 'author': 'Samuel SM', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Samuel SM, Varghese E, Büsselberg D. Therapeutic potential of metformin ' 'in COVID-19: reasoning for its protective role. Trends Microbiol. 2021, ' '29:894-907. 10.1016/j.tim.2021.03.004', 'journal-title': 'Trends Microbiol'}, { 'key': 'ref19', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1210/clinem/dgae477', 'article-title': 'Renal protective effect of metformin in type 2 diabetes patients', 'author': 'Wang HH', 'year': '2024', 'unstructured': 'Wang HH, Lin SH, Hung SY, et al.. Renal protective effect of metformin ' 'in type 2 diabetes patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2024, 477. ' '10.1210/clinem/dgae477', 'journal-title': 'J Clin Endocrinol Metab'}, { 'key': 'ref20', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111454', 'article-title': 'Mechanism and application of metformin in kidney diseases: an update', 'volume': '138', 'author': 'Song A', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Song A, Zhang C, Meng X. Mechanism and application of metformin in ' 'kidney diseases: an update. Biomed Pharmacother. 2021, 138:111454. ' '10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111454', 'journal-title': 'Biomed Pharmacother'}, { 'key': 'ref21', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.006', 'article-title': 'The effect of metformin consumption on mortality in hospitalized ' 'COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis', 'volume': '14', 'author': 'Lukito AA', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Lukito AA, Pranata R, Henrina J, Lim MA, Lawrensia S, Suastika K. The ' 'effect of metformin consumption on mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 ' 'patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Metab Syndr. ' '2020, 14:2177-83. 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.11.006', 'journal-title': 'Diabetes Metab Syndr'}, { 'key': 'ref22', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.dsx.2021.02.022', 'article-title': 'Metformin is associated with lower hospitalizations, mortality and ' 'severe coronavirus infection among elderly medicare minority patients ' 'in 8 states in USA', 'volume': '15', 'author': 'Ghany R', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Ghany R, Palacio A, Dawkins E, et al.. Metformin is associated with ' 'lower hospitalizations, mortality and severe coronavirus infection among ' 'elderly medicare minority patients in 8 states in USA. Diabetes Metab ' 'Syndr. 2021, 15:513-8. 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.02.022', 'journal-title': 'Diabetes Metab Syndr'}, { 'key': 'ref23', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1111/cts.12897', 'article-title': 'Risk of metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes with COVID-19: a ' 'preliminary retrospective report', 'volume': '13', 'author': 'Gao Y', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Gao Y, Liu T, Zhong W, Liu R, Zhou H, Huang W, Zhang W. Risk of ' 'metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes with COVID-19: a preliminary ' 'retrospective report. Clin Transl Sci. 2020, 13:1055-9. ' '10.1111/cts.12897', 'journal-title': 'Clin Transl Sci'}, { 'key': 'ref24', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1056/NEJMoa2201662', 'article-title': 'Randomized trial of metformin, ivermectin, and fluvoxamine for COVID-19', 'volume': '387', 'author': 'Bramante CT', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Bramante CT, Huling JD, Tignanelli CJ, et al.. Randomized trial of ' 'metformin, ivermectin, and fluvoxamine for COVID-19. N Engl J Med. 2022, ' '387:599-610. 10.1056/NEJMoa2201662', 'journal-title': 'N Engl J Med'}, { 'key': 'ref25', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1053/j.ajkd.2022.10.012', 'article-title': 'Consensus recommendations for sick day medication guidance for people ' 'with diabetes, kidney, or cardiovascular disease: a modified Delphi ' 'process', 'volume': '81', 'author': 'Watson KE', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Watson KE, Dhaliwal K, Robertshaw S, et al.. Consensus recommendations ' 'for sick day medication guidance for people with diabetes, kidney, or ' 'cardiovascular disease: a modified Delphi process. Am J Kidney Dis. ' '2023, 81:564-74. 10.1053/j.ajkd.2022.10.012', 'journal-title': 'Am J Kidney Dis'}, { 'key': 'ref26', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.isci.2020.101425', 'article-title': 'ACE2, metformin, and COVID-19', 'volume': '23', 'author': 'Malhotra A', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Malhotra A, Hepokoski M, McCowen KC, Shyy JY. ACE2, metformin, and ' 'COVID-19. Iscience. 2020, 23:', 'journal-title': 'Iscience'}, { 'key': 'ref27', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.3390/ijms22052596', 'article-title': 'Multifaceted mechanisms of action of metformin which have been ' 'unraveled one after another in the long history', 'volume': '22', 'author': 'Kaneto H', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Kaneto H, Kimura T, Obata A, Shimoda M, Kaku K. Multifaceted mechanisms ' 'of action of metformin which have been unraveled one after another in ' 'the long history. Int J Mol Sci. 2021, 22:2596. 10.3390/ijms22052596', 'journal-title': 'Int J Mol Sci'}, { 'key': 'ref28', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.obmed.2020.100290', 'article-title': 'Metformin use is associated with reduced mortality rate from ' 'coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection', 'volume': '19', 'author': 'Hariyanto TI', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Hariyanto TI, Kurniawan A. Metformin use is associated with reduced ' 'mortality rate from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Obes ' 'Med. 2020, 19:100290. 10.1016/j.obmed.2020.100290', 'journal-title': 'Obes Med'}, { 'key': 'ref29', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.diabet.2022.101359', 'article-title': 'Protection by metformin against severe COVID-19: an in-depth ' 'mechanistic analysis', 'volume': '48', 'author': 'Wiernsperger N', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Wiernsperger N, Al-Salameh A, Cariou B, Lalau JD. Protection by ' 'metformin against severe COVID-19: an in-depth mechanistic analysis. ' 'Diabetes Metab. 2022, 48:101359. 10.1016/j.diabet.2022.101359', 'journal-title': 'Diabetes Metab'}, { 'key': 'ref30', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1210/en.2013-1002', 'article-title': 'Metformin inhibits vascular calcification in female rat aortic smooth ' 'muscle cells via the AMPK-eNOS-NO pathway', 'volume': '154', 'author': 'Cao X', 'year': '2013', 'unstructured': 'Cao X, Li H, Tao H, et al.. Metformin inhibits vascular calcification in ' 'female rat aortic smooth muscle cells via the AMPK-eNOS-NO pathway. ' 'Endocrinol. 2013, 154:3680-9. 10.1210/en.2013-1002', 'journal-title': 'Endocrinol'}, { 'key': 'ref31', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30305-6', 'article-title': 'Reducing mortality from 2019-nCoV: host-directed therapies should be an ' 'option', 'volume': '395', 'author': 'Zumla A', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Zumla A, Hui DS, Azhar EI, Memish ZA, Maeurer M. Reducing mortality from ' '2019-nCoV: host-directed therapies should be an option. Lancet. 2020, ' '395:e35-6. 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30305-6', 'journal-title': 'Lancet'}], 'container-title': 'Cureus', 'original-title': [], 'language': 'en', 'link': [ { 'URL': 'https://www.cureus.com/articles/325967-does-the-consumption-of-metformin-correlate-with-a-reduction-in-mortality-among-patients-with-type-2-diabetes-and-covid-19-in-morocco', 'content-type': 'unspecified', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'similarity-checking'}], 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2025, 1, 11]], 'date-time': '2025-01-11T17:55:48Z', 'timestamp': 1736618148000}, 'score': 1, 'resource': { 'primary': { 'URL': 'https://www.cureus.com/articles/325967-does-the-consumption-of-metformin-correlate-with-a-reduction-in-mortality-among-patients-with-type-2-diabetes-and-covid-19-in-morocco'}}, 'subtitle': [], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2025, 1, 11]]}, 'references-count': 31, 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.77288', 'relation': {}, 'ISSN': ['2168-8184'], 'subject': [], 'published': {'date-parts': [[2025, 1, 11]]}}