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Overview of Iron and Zinc Intake in COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Students at Poltekkes Kemenkes Bandung

Nafisah et al., Jurnal Inovasi Bahan Lokal dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, doi:10.34011/jibpm.v4i1.3399, Jul 2025
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https://c19early.org/nafisah.html
Case 76% Improvement Relative Risk Zinc for COVID-19  Nafisah et al.  Sufficiency Are zinc levels associated with COVID-19 outcomes? Retrospective 70 patients in Indonesia (December 2020 - February 2021) Fewer cases with higher zinc levels (p=0.005) c19early.org Nafisah et al., Jurnal Inovasi Bahan L.., Jul 2025 Favorszinc Favorscontrol 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+
Zinc for COVID-19
2nd treatment shown to reduce risk in July 2020, now with p = 0.00000028 from 47 studies, recognized in 23 countries.
Lower risk for mortality, ventilation, hospitalization, progression, recovery, and viral clearance.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
6,000+ studies for 176 treatments. c19early.org
Case control study with 70 students in Indonesia. For zinc, 67% of those with deficient intake had COVID-19 compared to 32% with sufficient intake.
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risk of case, 76.1% lower, OR 0.24, p = 0.005, high zinc levels 11 of 35 (31.4%) cases, 23 of 35 (65.7%) controls, NNT 2.9, case control OR.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Nafisah et al., 29 Jul 2025, retrospective, Indonesia, peer-reviewed, 8 authors, study period December 2020 - February 2021. Contact: guridmulyo@gmail.com.
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