Elimination of olfactory sensory neurons by zinc sulfate inoculation prevents SARS-CoV-2 infection of the brain in K18-hACE2 transgenic mice

{ 'indexed': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 11, 14]], 'date-time': '2024-11-14T00:40:24Z', 'timestamp': 1731544824530, 'version': '3.28.0'}, 'reference-count': 49, 'publisher': 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 'issue': '1', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 11, 13]], 'date-time': '2024-11-13T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1731456000000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 11, 13]], 'date-time': '2024-11-13T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1731456000000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0'}], 'funder': [ { 'name': 'Bio & Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation ' '(NRF), funded by the Korean government', 'award': ['2021M3H9A1030260', '2021M3H9A1097269']}], 'content-domain': {'domain': ['link.springer.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'DOI': '10.1038/s41598-024-78538-5', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 11, 13]], 'date-time': '2024-11-13T23:14:54Z', 'timestamp': 1731539694000}, 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'Elimination of olfactory sensory neurons by zinc sulfate inoculation prevents SARS-CoV-2 ' 'infection of the brain in K18-hACE2 transgenic mice', 'prefix': '10.1038', 'volume': '14', 'author': [ {'given': 'Ji-Hun', 'family': 'Lee', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Eun-Seon', 'family': 'Yoo', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Na-Won', 'family': 'Kim', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Won-Yong', 'family': 'Shim', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Han-Bi', 'family': 'Jeong', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Dong-Hyun', 'family': 'Kim', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Young-Jun', 'family': 'Park', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Sun-Min', 'family': 'Seo', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Jun-Won', 'family': 'Yun', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Jun Won', 'family': 'Park', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Kang-Seuk', 'family': 'Choi', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Ho-Young', 'family': 'Lee', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Jun-Young', 'family': 'Seo', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Ki Taek', 'family': 'Nam', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Je Kyung', 'family': 'Seong', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Yang-Kyu', 'family': 'Choi', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '297', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2024, 11, 13]]}, 'reference': [ { 'key': '78538_CR1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '727', 'DOI': '10.1056/NEJMoa2001017', 'volume': '382', 'author': 'N Zhu', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Zhu, N. et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in ' 'China, 2019. N Engl. J. Med. 382, 727–733. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001017 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'N Engl. J. Med.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '181', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41579-018-0118-9', 'volume': '17', 'author': 'J Cui', 'year': '2019', 'unstructured': 'Cui, J., Li, F. & Shi, Z. L. Origin and evolution of pathogenic ' 'coronaviruses. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 17, 181–192. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-018-0118-9 (2019).', 'journal-title': 'Nat. Rev. Microbiol.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR3', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '470', 'DOI': '10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30185-9', 'volume': '395', 'author': 'C Wang', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Wang, C., Horby, P. W., Hayden, F. G. & Gao, G. F. A novel coronavirus ' 'outbreak of global health concern. Lancet. 395, 470–473. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30185-9 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'Lancet'}, { 'key': '78538_CR4', 'unstructured': 'World Health Organization, WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard 2024. : ' '(2024). https://data.who.int/dashboards/covid19/cases'}, { 'key': '78538_CR5', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1735', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.032', 'volume': '183', 'author': 'AC Walls', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Walls, A. C. et al. Structure, function, and antigenicity of the ' 'SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein. Cell. 183, 1735. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.032 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'Cell'}, { 'key': '78538_CR6', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '594495', 'DOI': '10.3389/fmed.2020.594495', 'volume': '7', 'author': 'F Salamanna', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Salamanna, F., Maglio, M., Landini, M. P. & Fini, M. Body localization ' 'of ACE-2: on the trail of the keyhole of SARS-CoV-2. Front. Med. 7, ' '594495. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.594495 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'Front. Med.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR7', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '631', 'DOI': '10.1002/path.1570', 'volume': '203', 'author': 'I Hamming', 'year': '2004', 'unstructured': 'Hamming, I. et al. Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional ' 'receptor for SARS coronavirus. A first step in understanding SARS ' 'pathogenesis. J. Pathol. 203, 631–637. https://doi.org/10.1002/path.1570 ' '(2004).', 'journal-title': 'J. Pathol.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR8', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '422', 'DOI': '10.1186/s13054-020-03120-0', 'volume': '24', 'author': 'W Ni', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Ni, W. et al. Role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in ' 'COVID-19. Crit. Care. 24, 422. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-020-03120-0 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'Crit. Care'}, { 'key': '78538_CR9', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1313', 'DOI': '10.1111/cea.13746', 'volume': '50', 'author': 'Y Yao', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Yao, Y., Wang, H. & Liu, Z. Expression of ACE2 in airways: implication ' 'for COVID-19 risk and disease management in patients with chronic ' 'inflammatory respiratory diseases. Clin. Exp. Allergy. 50, 1313–1324. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13746 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'Clin. Exp. Allergy'}, { 'key': '78538_CR10', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '4058', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41598-022-07918-6', 'volume': '12', 'author': 'A Gheware', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Gheware, A. et al. ACE2 protein expression in lung tissues of severe ' 'COVID-19 infection. Sci. Rep. 12, 4058. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-07918-6 (2022).', 'journal-title': 'Sci. Rep.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR11', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '593223', 'DOI': '10.3389/fphys.2021.593223', 'volume': '12', 'author': 'M Lopes-Pacheco', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Lopes-Pacheco, M. et al. Pathogenesis of multiple organ injury in ' 'COVID-19 and potential therapeutic strategies. Front. Physiol. 12, ' '593223. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.593223 (2021).', 'journal-title': 'Front. Physiol.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR12', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '37', 'DOI': '10.17305/bjbms.2022.7762', 'volume': '23', 'author': 'AA Rabaan', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Rabaan, A. A. et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection and multi-organ system damage: ' 'a review. Biomol. Biomed. 23, 37–52. ' 'https://doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2022.7762 (2023).', 'journal-title': 'Biomol. Biomed.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR13', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e30284', 'DOI': '10.1097/MD.0000000000030284', 'volume': '102', 'author': 'S Singh', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Singh, S. et al. Neurological infection and complications of SARS-CoV-2: ' 'a review. Medicine. 102, e30284. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000030284 (2023).', 'journal-title': 'Medicine'}, { 'key': '78538_CR14', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '2268', 'DOI': '10.1056/NEJMc2008597', 'volume': '382', 'author': 'J Helms', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Helms, J. et al. Neurologic features in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. N ' 'Engl. J. Med. 382, 2268–2270. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2008597 ' '(2020).', 'journal-title': 'N Engl. J. Med.'}, { 'issue': '4', 'key': '78538_CR15', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '2759', 'DOI': '10.1152/physrev.00012.2023', 'volume': '103', 'author': 'T Tsukahara', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Tsukahara, T., Brann, D. H. & Datta, S. R. Mechanisms of ' 'SARS-CoV-2-associated anosmia. Physiol. Rev. 103 (4), 2759–2766. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00012.2023 (2023).', 'journal-title': 'Physiol. Rev.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR16', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '2179', 'DOI': '10.1007/s00415-020-09929-7', 'volume': '267', 'author': 'Z Zhou', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Zhou, Z., Kang, H., Li, S. & Zhao, X. Understanding the neurotropic ' 'characteristics of SARS-CoV-2: from neurological manifestations of ' 'COVID-19 to potential neurotropic mechanisms. J. Neurol. 267, 2179–2184. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-020-09929-7 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'J. Neurol.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR17', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '995', 'DOI': '10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00122', 'volume': '11', 'author': 'AM Baig', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Baig, A. M., Khaleeq, A., Ali, U. & Syeda, H. Evidence of the COVID-19 ' 'virus targeting the CNS: tissue distribution, host–virus interaction, ' 'and proposed neurotropic mechanisms. ACS Chem. Neurosci. 11, 995–998. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00122 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'ACS Chem. Neurosci.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR18', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1125109', 'DOI': '10.3389/fncel.2023.1125109', 'volume': '17', 'author': 'H Hernández-Parra', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Hernández-Parra, H. et al. Alteration of the blood-brain barrier by ' 'COVID-19 and its implication in the permeation of drugs into the brain. ' 'Front. Cell. Neurosci. 17, 1125109. ' 'https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2023.1125109 (2023).', 'journal-title': 'Front. Cell. Neurosci.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR19', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '337', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41392-021-00719-9', 'volume': '6', 'author': 'L Zhang', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Zhang, L. et al. SARS-CoV-2 crosses the blood–brain barrier accompanied ' 'with basement membrane disruption without tight junctions alteration. ' 'Signal. Transduct. Target. Ther. 6, 337. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-021-00719-9 (2021).', 'journal-title': 'Signal. Transduct. Target. Ther.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR20', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '229', 'DOI': '10.3389/fncel.2020.00229', 'volume': '14', 'author': 'M Fenrich', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Fenrich, M. et al. SARS-CoV-2 dissemination through peripheral nerves ' 'explains multiple organ injury. Front. Cell. Neurosci. 14, 229. ' 'https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2020.00229 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'Front. Cell. Neurosci.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR21', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '4', 'DOI': '10.1111/jns.12482', 'volume': '27', 'author': 'A Taga', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Taga, A. & Lauria, G. COVID-19 and the peripheral nervous system. A ' '2‐year review from the pandemic to the vaccine era. J. Peripher Nerv. ' 'Syst. 27, 4–30. https://doi.org/10.1111/jns.12482 (2022).', 'journal-title': 'J. Peripher Nerv. Syst.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR22', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '4193', 'DOI': '10.1093/brain/awac270', 'volume': '145', 'author': 'AL Soung', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Soung, A. L. et al. COVID-19 induces CNS cytokine expression and loss of ' 'hippocampal neurogenesis. Brain. 145, 4193–4201. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awac270 (2022).', 'journal-title': 'Brain'}, { 'key': '78538_CR23', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '745789', 'DOI': '10.3389/fmed.2021.745789', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'MM Almutairi', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Almutairi, M. M., Sivandzade, F., Albekairi, T. H., Alqahtani, F. & ' 'Cucullo, L. Neuroinflammation and its impact on the Pathogenesis of ' 'COVID-19. Front. Med. 8, 745789. ' 'https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.745789 (2021).', 'journal-title': 'Front. Med.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR24', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '134', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41423-023-01119-5', 'volume': '21', 'author': 'SA Wellford', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Wellford, S. A. & Moseman, E. A. Olfactory immune response to ' 'SARS-CoV-2. Cell. Mol. Immunol. 21, 134–143. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1038/s41423-023-01119-5 (2023).', 'journal-title': 'Cell. Mol. Immunol.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR25', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '75', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.tins.2022.11.003', 'volume': '46', 'author': 'R Butowt', 'year': '2023', 'unstructured': 'Butowt, R., Bilinska, K. & von Bartheld, C. S. Olfactory dysfunction in ' 'COVID-19: new insights into the underlying mechanisms. Trends Neurosci. ' '46, 75–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2022.11.003 (2023).', 'journal-title': 'Trends Neurosci.'}, { 'issue': '4', 'key': '78538_CR26', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '392', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41592-022-01447-w', 'volume': '19', 'author': 'H Chu', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Chu, H., Chan, J. F. & Yuen, K. Y. Animal models in SARS-CoV-2 research. ' 'Nat. Methods. 19 (4), 392–394. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-022-01447-w (2022).', 'journal-title': 'Nat. Methods'}, { 'key': '78538_CR27', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e0272019', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pone.0272019', 'volume': '17', 'author': 'SM Seo', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Seo, S. M. et al. Development of transgenic models susceptible and ' 'resistant to SARS-CoV-2 infection in FVB background mice. PloS One. 17, ' 'e0272019. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272019 (2022).', 'journal-title': 'PloS One'}, { 'key': '78538_CR28', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '395', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.06.001', 'volume': '287', 'author': 'CR Yu', 'year': '2017', 'unstructured': 'Yu, C. R. & Wu, Y. Regeneration and rewiring of rodent olfactory sensory ' 'neurons. Exp. Neurol. 287, 395–408. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.06.001 (2017).', 'journal-title': 'Exp. Neurol.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR29', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '20', 'DOI': '10.1186/s13024-022-00529-9', 'volume': '17', 'author': 'R Butowt', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Butowt, R. & von Bartheld, C. S. The route of SARS-CoV-2 to brain ' 'infection: have we been barking up the wrong tree? Mol. Neurodegener. ' '17, 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-022-00529-9 (2022).', 'journal-title': 'Mol. Neurodegener'}, { 'key': '78538_CR30', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '2793', 'DOI': '10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00434', 'volume': '11', 'author': 'FJ Barrantes', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Barrantes, F. J. Central nervous system targets and routes for ' 'SARS-CoV-2: current views and new hypotheses. ACS Chem. Neurosci. 11, ' '2793–2803. https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00434 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'ACS Chem. Neurosci.'}, { 'issue': '11', 'key': '78538_CR31', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '316', 'DOI': '10.31083/j.fbl2711316', 'volume': '27', 'author': 'KAPP Kuruppuarachchi', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Kuruppuarachchi, K. A. P. P., Jang, Y. & Seo, S. H. Comparison of the ' 'pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 delta and omicron variants by analyzing the ' 'expression patterns of immune response genes in K18-hACE2 transgenic ' 'mice. Front. Biosci. 27 (11), 316. https://doi.org/10.31083/j.fbl2711316 ' '(2022).', 'journal-title': 'Front. Biosci.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR32', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '293', 'DOI': '10.1055/s-0033-1361837', 'volume': '75', 'author': 'CR Chen', 'year': '2014', 'unstructured': 'Chen, C. R., Kachramanoglou, C., Li, D., Andrews, P. & Choi, D. Anatomy ' 'and cellular constituents of the human olfactory mucosa: a review. J. ' 'Neurol. Surg. B Skull Base. 75, 293–300. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1361837 (2014).', 'journal-title': 'J. Neurol. Surg. B Skull Base'}, { 'key': '78538_CR33', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '86', 'DOI': '10.1186/1471-2202-12-86', 'volume': '12', 'author': 'R Dooley', 'year': '2011', 'unstructured': 'Dooley, R., Mashukova, A., Toetter, B., Hatt, H. & Neuhaus, E. M. ' 'Purinergic receptor antagonists inhibit odorant-mediated CREB ' 'phosphorylation in sustentacular cells of mouse olfactory epithelium. ' 'BMC Neurosci. 12, 86. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2202-12-86 (2011).', 'journal-title': 'BMC Neurosci.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR34', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '589', 'DOI': '10.1007/s00441-021-03467-y', 'volume': '84', 'author': 'B Bryche', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Bryche, B., Baly, C. & Meunier, N. Modulation of olfactory signal ' 'detection in the olfactory epithelium: focus on the internal and ' 'external environment, and the emerging role of the immune system. Cell. ' 'Tissue Res. 84, 589–605. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-021-03467-y ' '(2021).', 'journal-title': 'Cell. Tissue Res.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR35', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'unstructured': 'Harkema, J. R. et al. Sinus, pharynx, and Larynx. in Comp. Anat. Histol. ' '71–94 (Elsevier, 2012).', 'DOI': '10.1016/B978-0-12-381361-9.00006-8'}, { 'key': '78538_CR36', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '18', 'DOI': '10.1186/s13064-017-0095-0', 'volume': '12', 'author': 'X Shao', 'year': '2017', 'unstructured': 'Shao, X. et al. Olfactory sensory axons target specific protoglomeruli ' 'in the olfactory bulb of zebrafish. Neural Dev. 12, 18. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1186/s13064-017-0095-0 (2017).', 'journal-title': 'Neural Dev.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR37', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '76', 'DOI': '10.1080/13550280290049534', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'A Matthews', 'year': '2002', 'unstructured': 'Matthews, A., Weiss, S. & Paterson, Y. Murine Hepatitis virus–a model ' 'for virus-induced CNS demyelination. J. Neurovirol. 8, 76–85. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1080/13550280290049534 (2002).', 'journal-title': 'J. Neurovirol'}, { 'key': '78538_CR38', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '53', 'DOI': '10.3389/fvets.2019.00053', 'volume': '6', 'author': 'JC Mora-Díaz', 'year': '2019', 'unstructured': 'Mora-Díaz, J. C., Piñeyro, P. E., Houston, E., Zimmerman, J. & ' 'Giménez-Lirola, L. G. Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus: ' 'a review. Front. Vet. Sci. 6, 53. ' 'https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2019.00053 (2019).', 'journal-title': 'Front. Vet. Sci.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR39', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1051', 'DOI': '10.1007/s13760-020-01412-4', 'volume': '120', 'author': 'K Verstrepen', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Verstrepen, K., Baisier, L. & De Cauwer, H. Neurological manifestations ' 'of COVID-19, SARS and MERS. Acta Neurol. Belg. 120, 1051–1060. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s13760-020-01412-4 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'Acta Neurol. Belg.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR40', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '277', 'DOI': '10.1002/path.4461', 'volume': '235', 'author': 'D van Riel', 'year': '2015', 'unstructured': 'van Riel, D., Verdijk, R. & Kuiken, T. The olfactory nerve: a shortcut ' 'for influenza and other viral diseases into the central nervous system. ' 'J. Pathol. 235, 277–287. https://doi.org/10.1002/path.4461 (2015).', 'journal-title': 'J. Pathol.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR41', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e503', 'DOI': '10.1093/cid/ciaa995', 'volume': '73', 'author': 'AJ Zhang', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Zhang, A. J. et al. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ' 'infects and damages the mature and immature olfactory sensory neurons of ' 'hamsters. Clin. Infect. Dis. 73, e503–e512. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa995 (2021).', 'journal-title': 'Clin. Infect. Dis.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR42', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '168', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41593-020-00758-5', 'volume': '24', 'author': 'J Meinhardt', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Meinhardt, J. et al. Olfactory transmucosal SARS-CoV-2 invasion as a ' 'port of central nervous system entry in individuals with COVID-19. Nat. ' 'Neurosci. 24, 168–175. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-020-00758-5 ' '(2021).', 'journal-title': 'Nat. Neurosci.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR43', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e160277', 'DOI': '10.1172/jci.insight.160277', 'volume': '7', 'author': 'AK Verma', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Verma, A. K., Zheng, J., Meyerholz, D. K. & Perlman, S. SARS-CoV-2 ' 'infection of sustentacular cells disrupts olfactory signaling pathways. ' 'JCI Insight. 7, e160277. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.160277 ' '(2022).', 'journal-title': 'JCI Insight'}, { 'key': '78538_CR44', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '49', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41421-021-00290-1', 'volume': '7', 'author': 'Q Ye', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Ye, Q. et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection in the mouse olfactory system. Cell. ' 'Discov. 7, 49. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-021-00290-1 (2021).', 'journal-title': 'Cell. Discov'}, { 'key': '78538_CR45', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '101839', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.isci.2020.101839', 'volume': '23', 'author': 'L Fodoulian', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Fodoulian, L. et al. SARS-CoV-2 receptors and entry genes are expressed ' 'in the human olfactory neuroepithelium and brain. iScience. 23, 101839. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2020.101839 (2020).', 'journal-title': 'iScience'}, { 'key': '78538_CR46', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'eabf8396', 'DOI': '10.1126/scitranslmed.abf8396', 'volume': '13', 'author': 'GD De Melo', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'De Melo, G. D. et al. COVID-19–related anosmia is associated with viral ' 'persistence and inflammation in human olfactory epithelium and brain ' 'infection in hamsters. Sci. Transl Med. 13, eabf8396. ' 'https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.abf8396 (2021).', 'journal-title': 'Sci. Transl Med.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR47', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': 'e20202135', 'DOI': '10.1084/jem.20202135', 'volume': '218', 'author': 'E Song', 'year': '2021', 'unstructured': 'Song, E. et al. Neuroinvasion of SARS-CoV-2 in human and mouse brain. J. ' 'Exp. Med. 218, e20202135. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20202135 (2021).', 'journal-title': 'J. Exp. Med.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR48', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '789086', 'DOI': '10.3389/fncel.2021.789086', 'volume': '15', 'author': 'S Prelic', 'year': '2022', 'unstructured': 'Prelic, S. et al. Functional interaction between Drosophila olfactory ' 'sensory neurons and their support cells. Front. Cell. Neurosci. 15, ' '789086. https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2021.789086 (2022).', 'journal-title': 'Front. Cell. Neurosci.'}, { 'key': '78538_CR49', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '1001', 'DOI': '10.1152/jn.01299.2004', 'volume': '94', 'author': 'F Vogalis', 'year': '2005', 'unstructured': 'Vogalis, F., Hegg, C. C. & Lucero, M. T. Electrical coupling in ' 'sustentacular cells of the mouse olfactory epithelium. J. Neurophysiol. ' '94, 1001–1012. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.01299.2004 (2005).', 'journal-title': 'J. Neurophysiol.'}], 'container-title': 'Scientific Reports', 'original-title': [], 'language': 'en', 'link': [ { 'URL': 'https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-78538-5.pdf', 'content-type': 'application/pdf', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}, { 'URL': 'https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-78538-5', 'content-type': 'text/html', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}, { 'URL': 'https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-78538-5.pdf', 'content-type': 'application/pdf', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'similarity-checking'}], 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 11, 14]], 'date-time': '2024-11-14T00:07:26Z', 'timestamp': 1731542846000}, 'score': 1, 'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-78538-5'}}, 'subtitle': [], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2024, 11, 13]]}, 'references-count': 49, 'journal-issue': {'issue': '1', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2024, 12]]}}, 'alternative-id': ['78538'], 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-78538-5', 'relation': {}, 'ISSN': ['2045-2322'], 'subject': [], 'container-title-short': 'Sci Rep', 'published': {'date-parts': [[2024, 11, 13]]}, 'assertion': [ { 'value': '31 May 2024', 'order': 1, 'name': 'received', 'label': 'Received', 'group': {'name': 'ArticleHistory', 'label': 'Article History'}}, { 'value': '31 October 2024', 'order': 2, 'name': 'accepted', 'label': 'Accepted', 'group': {'name': 'ArticleHistory', 'label': 'Article History'}}, { 'value': '13 November 2024', 'order': 3, 'name': 'first_online', 'label': 'First Online', 'group': {'name': 'ArticleHistory', 'label': 'Article History'}}, {'order': 1, 'name': 'Ethics', 'group': {'name': 'EthicsHeading', 'label': 'Declarations'}}, { 'value': 'The authors declare no competing interests.', 'order': 2, 'name': 'Ethics', 'group': {'name': 'EthicsHeading', 'label': 'Competing interests'}}], 'article-number': '27863'}