Clinical Outcome and Prognosis of a Nosocomial Outbreak of COVID-19

DOI record: { "DOI": "10.3390/jcm12062279", "ISSN": [ "2077-0383" ], "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12062279", "abstract": "<jats:p>Nosocomial coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks have been reported despite widespread quarantine methods to prevent COVID-19 in society and hospitals. Our study was performed to investigate the clinical outcome and prognosis of a nosocomial outbreak of COVID-19. We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients diagnosed with nosocomial COVID-19 of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) at a university teaching hospital between 1 November 2021 and 31 April 2022. Nosocomial COVID-19 was defined as a positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test result 4 or more days after admission in asymptomatic patients who had a negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR test on admission. In this study, 167 patients were diagnosed with nosocomial COVID-19 (1.14%) among a total of 14,667 patients admitted to hospital during the study period. A total of 153 patients (91.6%) survived, but 14 patients (8.4%) died. The median time between admission and COVID-19 diagnosis was 11 days, and the median duration of hospital stay was 24 days. After adjusting for other factors, no vaccination (adjusted HR = 5.944, 95% CI = 1.626–21.733, p = 0.007) and chronic kidney disease (adjusted HR = 6.963, 95% CI = 1.182–41.014, p = 0.032) were found to increase mortality risk. Despite strict quarantine, a significant number of nosocomial COVID-19 cases with a relatively high mortality rate were reported. As unvaccinated status or chronic kidney disease were associated with poor outcomes of nosocomial COVID-19, more active preventive strategies and treatments for patients with these risk factors are needed.</jats:p>", "alternative-id": [ "jcm12062279" ], "author": [ { "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0410-8524", "affiliation": [ { "name": "Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea" }, { "name": "Lung Research Institute, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea" } ], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Kim", "given": "Sang Hyuk", "sequence": "first" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea" }, { "name": "Lung Research Institute, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea" } ], "family": "Kim", "given": "Taehee", "sequence": "additional" }, { "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4812-0653", "affiliation": [ { "name": "Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea" }, { "name": "Lung Research Institute, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea" } ], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Choi", "given": "Hayoung", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea" }, { "name": "Lung Research Institute, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea" } ], "family": "Shin", "given": "Tae Rim", "sequence": "additional" }, { "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3746-4947", "affiliation": [ { "name": "Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea" }, { "name": "Lung Research Institute, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea" } ], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Sim", "given": "Yun Su", "sequence": "additional" } ], "container-title": "Journal of Clinical Medicine", "container-title-short": "JCM", "content-domain": { "crossmark-restriction": false, "domain": [] }, "created": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 3, 15 ] ], "date-time": "2023-03-15T09:22:59Z", "timestamp": 1678872179000 }, "deposited": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 3, 15 ] ], "date-time": "2023-03-15T12:18:08Z", "timestamp": 1678882688000 }, "indexed": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 3, 16 ] ], "date-time": "2023-03-16T04:47:59Z", "timestamp": 1678942079600 }, "is-referenced-by-count": 0, "issue": "6", "issued": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 3, 15 ] ] }, "journal-issue": { "issue": "6", "published-online": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 3 ] ] } }, "language": "en", "license": [ { "URL": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "content-version": "vor", "delay-in-days": 0, "start": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 3, 15 ] ], "date-time": "2023-03-15T00:00:00Z", "timestamp": 1678838400000 } } ], "link": [ { "URL": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/6/2279/pdf", "content-type": "unspecified", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "similarity-checking" } ], "member": "1968", "original-title": [], "page": "2279", "prefix": "10.3390", "published": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 3, 15 ] ] }, "published-online": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 3, 15 ] ] }, "publisher": "MDPI AG", "reference": [ { "DOI": "10.1056/NEJMoa2002032", "article-title": "Clinical Characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China", "author": "Guan", "doi-asserted-by": "crossref", "first-page": "1708", "journal-title": "N. 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