c19early.org COVID-19 treatment researchCOVID-19 treatments

A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Losmapimod in Adult Subjects With COVID-19 (LOSVID STUDY)

Ziegler et al., NCT04511819, LOSVID, NCT04511819, Mar 2021
Late treatmentDouble-blind RCT · NCT04511819 · 52 patients · USA
Losmapimod for COVID-19
LOSVID Ziegler et al. NCT04511819 · March 2021
Outcome
Improvement
Relative Risk · 95% CI
Progression
-18%1.18 · 0.79–1.76
Recovery, mid-recovery
-14%1.14 · 0.67–1.95
Recovery
-10%1.10 · 0.82–1.47
00.511.52+
← Losmapimod
reduces riskLosmapimod
increases risk →
Higher progression with losmapimod
Not statistically significant · p = 0.54
RCT 52 hospitalized COVID-19 patients showing no significant differences with losmapimod treatment.
Standard of Care (SOC) for COVID-19 in the study country, the USA, is very poor with very low average efficacy for approved treatments1. Only expensive, high-profit treatments were approved for early treatment. Low-cost treatments were excluded, reducing the probability of early treatment due to access and cost barriers, and eliminating complementary and synergistic benefits seen with many low-cost treatments.
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OutcomeImprovementEffect · pTreatmentControl
risk of progression 18.2% higher · RR 1.18 · p = 0.54 18.2% higherRR 1.18p = 0.54 16 of 22 (72.7%) 16 of 26 (61.5%) treatment 16 of 22 (72.7%), control 16 of 26 (61.5%)death or respiratory failureday 28
risk of no recovery 14.3% higher · RR 1.14 · p = 0.64 14.3% higherRR 1.14p = 0.64 mean 1.4 (±1.58) n=18 mean 1.6 (±1.14) n=24 mean 1.4 (±1.58) n=18, mean 1.6 (±1.14) n=24relative reduction in WHO score, mid-recoveryday 7
risk of no recovery 10.0% higher · RR 1.10 · p = 0.53 10.0% higherRR 1.10p = 0.53 mean 2.0 (±1.31) n=22 mean 2.2 (±0.83) n=25 mean 2.0 (±1.31) n=22, mean 2.2 (±0.83) n=25relative reduction in WHO scoreday 14

Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates.

Ziegler et al., 31 Mar 2021, Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial, placebo-controlled, USA, preprint, 1 author, trial NCT04511819 (history) (LOSVID). Contact: clinicaltrials@fulcrumtx.com.
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19 treatment protocols c19early.org November 2026 USA Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Myanmar South Africa Peru Philippines Vietnam Japan Argentina Nepal Iran Bangladesh Ethiopia Ghana Germany Mexico South Korea United Kingdom Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland Uzbekistan India China Venezuela DR Congo Madagascar Thailand Uganda Egypt Nigeria Taiwan Fiji Zambia Bosnia-Herzegovina Jordan Georgia Switzerland Dominican Republic Bolivia Côte d'Ivoire Eritrea Togo Bulgaria Greece Slovakia Iceland New Zealand Trinidad and Tobago Mongolia Czechia Belarus Israel Haiti North Macedonia Hong Kong Qatar Panama Serbia USA favored high-profit treatments.The average efficacy of treatments was very low.High-cost protocols reduce early treatment, andforgo complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19treatment protocols worldwide c19early.org November 2026 USA Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Myanmar South Africa Peru Philippines Vietnam Japan Argentina Nepal Iran Bangladesh Ethiopia Ghana Germany Mexico South Korea United Kingdom Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland Uzbekistan India China Venezuela DR Congo Madagascar Thailand Uganda Egypt Taiwan Fiji Zambia Jordan Georgia Switzerland Dominican Rep. Bolivia Côte d'Ivoire Eritrea Togo Sri Lanka Bulgaria Greece Slovakia New Zealand Trinidad and Tobago Mongolia Czechia Belarus Israel North Macedonia Hong Kong Qatar Panama Serbia USA favored high-profit treatments.The average efficacy was very low.High-cost protocols reduce early treatment,and forgo complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
Late treatment
is less effective