A retrospective analysis of clinical outcomes between hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 who received famotidine or pantoprazole

Wagner et al., JGH Open, doi:10.1002/jgh3.12905 (abstract 10/31/2021), Oct 2021
Mortality 64% improvement lower risk ← → higher risk Ventilation 6% Famotidine  Wagner et al.  LATE TREATMENT Is late treatment with famotidine beneficial for COVID-19? Retrospective 1,457 patients in the USA (March 2020 - March 2021) Lower mortality with famotidine (p<0.000001) c19early.org Wagner et al., JGH Open, October 2021 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ RR
Famotidine for COVID-19
29th treatment shown to reduce risk in October 2021, now with p = 0.00028 from 30 studies, recognized in 2 countries.
Lower risk for mortality, hospitalization, recovery, and viral clearance.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
6,300+ studies for 210+ treatments. c19early.org
Meta Analysis
Retrospective 2,184 hospitalized patients in the USA, 638 treated with famotidine, showing lower mortality with treatment.
Standard of Care (SOC) for COVID-19 in the study country, the USA, is very poor with very low average efficacy for approved treatments1. Only expensive, high-profit treatments were approved for early treatment. Low-cost treatments were excluded, reducing the probability of early treatment due to access and cost barriers, and eliminating complementary and synergistic benefits seen with many low-cost treatments. This may explain in part the very high mortality seen in this study. Results may differ in countries with improved SOC.
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risk of death, 64.5% lower, RR 0.36, p < 0.001, treatment 82 of 638 (12.9%), control 182 of 819 (22.2%), adjusted per study, odds ratio converted to relative risk, multivariable.
risk of mechanical ventilation, 6.4% lower, RR 0.94, p = 0.77, treatment 48 of 638 (7.5%), control 75 of 819 (9.2%), adjusted per study, odds ratio converted to relative risk, multivariable.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Wagner et al., 31 Oct 2021, retrospective, USA, peer-reviewed, 5 authors, study period 1 March, 2020 - 1 March, 2021. Contact: jj.wagner5492@gmail.com.
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19 treatment protocols c19early.org December 2025 USA Russia Sudan Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Vietnam Peru Philippines Spain Brazil Italy France Japan Canada China Uzbekistan Nepal Ethiopia Iran Ghana Mexico South Korea Germany Bangladesh Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland India DR Congo Madagascar Thailand Uganda Venezuela Nigeria Egypt Bolivia Taiwan Zambia Fiji Bosnia-Herzegovina Ukraine Côte d'Ivoire Bulgaria Greece Slovakia Singapore Iceland New Zealand Czechia Mongolia Israel Trinidad and Tobago Hong Kong North Macedonia Belarus Qatar Panama Serbia CAR USA favored high-profit treatments.The average efficacy of treatments was very low.High-cost protocols reduce early treatment, andforgo complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19treatment protocols worldwide c19early.org December 2025 USA Russia Sudan Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Vietnam Peru Philippines Spain Brazil Italy France Japan Canada China Uzbekistan Nepal Ethiopia Iran Ghana Mexico South Korea Germany Bangladesh Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland India DR Congo Madagascar Thailand Uganda Venezuela Nigeria Egypt Bolivia Taiwan Zambia Fiji Ukraine Côte d'Ivoire Eritrea Bulgaria Greece Slovakia Singapore New Zealand Malawi Czechia Mongolia Israel Trinidad and Tobago North Macedonia Belarus Qatar Panama Serbia Syria USA favored high-profit treatments.The average efficacy was very low.High-cost protocols reduce early treatment,and forgo complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Association With Respiratory Symptoms in Patients Diagnosed With SARS-CoV 2 (COVID-19)
MD Ernesto Robalino Gonzaga, MD Irene Riestra Guiance, MD Richard Henriquez, MD Mahmoud Ibrahim, MD Yuya Nway, DO Minh Ho, Jane Ha, MD, PhD Yeongkeun Kwon, BS Dohyang Kim, PhD Jinseub Hwang, PhD Jin-Won Kwon, MD, PhD Sungsoo Park
Figure 1. Panel a: Hospitalized COVID-19 patients with GI Symptoms on Admission demographic characteristics and ICU or non ICU admissions comparing with presence or no of respiratory symptoms. Panel b: Odds Ratio Estimates for ICU Admission in Patients with COVID-19 presenting with GI symptoms.
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Late treatment
is less effective
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