COVID-19 in Individuals Treated With Long-Term Hydroxychloroquine: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of Cicatricial Alopecia Patients

Shaw et al., Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, doi:10.36849/JDD.5843, Jul 2021
Case 13% improvement lower risk ← → higher risk HCQ for COVID-19  Shaw et al.  PROPHYLAXIS Is pre-exposure prophylaxis with HCQ beneficial for COVID-19? PSM retrospective 144 patients in the USA (March - May 2020) Fewer cases with HCQ (p=0.006) c19early.org Shaw et al., J. Drugs in Dermatology, Jul 2021 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ RR
HCQ for COVID-19
1st treatment shown to reduce risk in March 2020, now with p < 0.00000000001 from 424 studies, used in 59 countries.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
6,200+ studies for 200+ treatments. c19early.org
PSM retrospective 144 alopecia patients in the USA, showing lower risk of COVID-19 with HCQ prophylaxis. The supplemental appendix is not available.
Standard of Care (SOC) for COVID-19 in the study country, the USA, is very poor with very low average efficacy for approved treatments1. Only expensive, high-profit treatments were approved for early treatment. Low-cost treatments were excluded, reducing the probability of early treatment due to access and cost barriers, and eliminating complementary and synergistic benefits seen with many low-cost treatments.
risk of case, 13.0% lower, OR 0.87, p = 0.006, treatment 45, control 99, adjusted per study, propensity score matching, multivariable, RR approximated with OR.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Shaw et al., 1 Jul 2021, retrospective, USA, peer-reviewed, 10 authors, study period 1 March, 2020 - 15 May, 2020. Contact: Kristen.LoSicco@nyulangone.org.
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19 treatment protocols c19early.org November 2025 USA Russia Sudan Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Vietnam Peru Philippines Spain Brazil Italy France Japan Canada China Uzbekistan Nepal Ethiopia Iran Ghana Mexico South Korea Germany Bangladesh Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland India DR Congo Madagascar Thailand Uganda Venezuela Nigeria Egypt Bolivia Taiwan Zambia Fiji Bosnia-Herzegovina Ukraine Côte d'Ivoire Bulgaria Greece Slovakia Singapore Iceland New Zealand Czechia Mongolia Israel Trinidad and Tobago Hong Kong North Macedonia Belarus Qatar Panama Serbia CAR USA favored high-profit treatments.The average efficacy of treatments was very low.High-cost protocols reduce early treatment, andforgo complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19treatment protocols worldwide c19early.org November 2025 USA Russia Sudan Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Vietnam Peru Philippines Spain Brazil Italy France Japan Canada China Uzbekistan Nepal Ethiopia Iran Ghana Mexico South Korea Germany Bangladesh Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland India DR Congo Madagascar Thailand Uganda Venezuela Nigeria Egypt Bolivia Taiwan Zambia Fiji Ukraine Côte d'Ivoire Eritrea Bulgaria Greece Slovakia Singapore New Zealand Malawi Czechia Mongolia Israel Trinidad and Tobago North Macedonia Belarus Qatar Panama Serbia Syria USA favored high-profit treatments.The average efficacy was very low.High-cost protocols reduce early treatment,and forgo complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
Abstract: doi:10.36849/JDD.5843 To order reprints or e-prints of JDD articles please contact sales@jddonline.com August 2021 914 Volume 20 • Issue 8 Copyright © 2021 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Journal of Drugs in Dermatology COVID-19 in Individuals Treated With Long-Term Hydroxychloroquine: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of Cicatricial Alopecia Patients Katharina S. Shaw,a Lu Yin,a Jinal K. Shah,b Rachel A. Sally,a Katerina S. Svigos,a Prince U. Adotama,a Hsiao Han Tuan,a Jerry Shapiro MD,a Rebecca A. Betensky,b* and Kristen I. Lo Sicco MDa* The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY b Department of Biostatistics, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY a Both authors contributed equally to this work as co-first authors *
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