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All Studies   All Outcomes    Recent:   
0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ Severe case or mortality 46% Improvement Relative Risk Paxlovid  Najjar-Debbiny et al.  EARLY TREATMENT Is early treatment with paxlovid beneficial for COVID-19? Retrospective 180,351 patients in Israel (January - February 2022) Lower severe cases with paxlovid (p=0.00024) c19early.org Najjar-Debbiny et al., Clinical Infect.., Jun 2022 Favors paxlovid Favors control

Effectiveness of Paxlovid in Reducing Severe COVID-19 and Mortality in High Risk Patients

Najjar-Debbiny et al., Clinical Infectious Diseases, doi:10.1093/cid/ciac443
Jun 2022  
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Retrospective 180,351 patients in Israel, 4,737 treated with paxlovid, showing significantly lower combined severe COVID-19 / mortality with treatment.
Confounding by contraindication. Hoertel et al. find that over 50% of patients that died had a contraindication for the use of Paxlovid Hoertel. Retrospective studies that do not exclude contraindicated patients may significantly overestimate efficacy.
Black box warning. The FDA notes that "severe, life-threatening, and/or fatal adverse reactions due to drug interactions have been reported in patients treated with paxlovid" FDA.
risk of severe case or mortality, 46.0% lower, HR 0.54, p < 0.001, treatment 4,737, control 175,614, adjusted per study, multivariable, Cox proportional hazards.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Najjar-Debbiny et al., 2 Jun 2022, retrospective, Israel, peer-reviewed, 8 authors, study period 1 January, 2022 - 28 February, 2022. Contact: ronzana@clalit.org.il, ronza.najjar@gmail.com.
This PaperPaxlovidAll
Effectiveness of Paxlovid in Reducing Severe COVID-19 and Mortality in High Risk Patients
MD Ronza Najjar-Debbiny, MD Naomi Gronich, MD Gabriel Weber, MD Johad Khoury, MD Maisam Amar, MPH Nili Stein, Hilary Lee, MD Goldstein, MD, MPH Walid Saliba
doi:10.1093/cid/ciac443/6599020
Background: Paxlovid was granted emergency use authorization for the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19, based on the interim analysis of EPIC-HR trial. Paxlovid effectiveness needs to be assessed in a noncontrolled setting. In this study we used population-based real world data to evaluate the effectiveness of Paxlovid. Methods: The database of the largest healthcare provider in Israel was used to identify all adults aged 18 years or older with first ever positive test for SARS-CoV-2 between January and February 2022, who were at high risk for severe COVID-19 and had no contraindications for Paxlovid use. Patients were included irrespective of their COVID-19 vaccination status. Cox hazard regression was used to estimate the 28 day HR for severe COVID-19 or mortality with Paxlovid examined as time-dependent variable. Results: Overall, 180,351 eligible were included, of them only 4,737 (2.6%) were treated with Paxlovid, and 135,482 (75.1%) had adequate COVID-19 vaccination status. Both Paxlovid and adequate COVID-19 vaccination status were associated with significant decrease in the rate of severe COVID-19 or mortality with adjusted HR 0.54 (95% CI, 0.39-0.75) and 0.20 (95% CI, 0.17-0.22), respectively. Paxlovid appears to be more effective in older patients, immunosuppressed patients, and patients with underlying neurological or cardiovascular disease (interaction p-value <0.05 for all). No significant interaction was detected between Paxlovid treatment and COVID-19 vaccination status. Conclusions: This study suggests that in the era of omicron and in real life setting Paxlovid is highly effective in reducing the risk of severe COVID-19 or mortality.
All data relevant to this analysis were presented in the paper.
References
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Hammond, Leister-Tebbe, Gardner, EPIC-HR Investigators. Oral Nirmatrelvir for High-Risk, Nonhospitalized Adults with Covid-19, N Engl J Med, doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2118542
Madhi, Kwatra, Myers, Population Immunity and Covid-19 Severity with Omicron Variant in South Africa, N Engl J Med, doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2119658
Mahase, Covid-19: Pfizer's paxlovid is 89% effective in patients at risk of serious illness, company reports, BMJ, doi:10.1136/bmj.n2713
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Rosenberg, Holtgrave, New COVID-19 Cases and Hospitalizations Among Adults, by Vaccination Status
Tenforde, Self, Naioti, Sustained Effectiveness of Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna Vaccines Against COVID-19 Associated Hospitalizations Among Adults -United States, March, MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7034e2
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