Effectiveness of Vitamin D Supplements among Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19: Results from a Monocentric Matched-Cohort Study
Fiore et al.,
Effectiveness of Vitamin D Supplements among Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19: Results from a Monocentric..,
Healthcare, doi:10.3390/healthcare10050956
Retrospective 116 patients with D levels < 30ng/mL, 58 treated with vitamin D 100,000IU daily for two days, and 58 matched controls, showing significantly lower mortality with treatment.
risk of death, 92.7% lower, RR 0.07, p = 0.01, treatment 3 of 58 (5.2%), control 11 of 58 (19.0%), NNT 7.2, adjusted per study, odds ratio converted to relative risk, multivariable.
|
risk of mechanical ventilation, 50.0% lower, RR 0.50, p = 0.36, treatment 4 of 58 (6.9%), control 8 of 58 (13.8%), NNT 14.
|
risk of ICU admission, 50.0% lower, RR 0.50, p = 0.36, treatment 4 of 58 (6.9%), control 8 of 58 (13.8%), NNT 14.
|
NIV, 47.8% lower, RR 0.52, p = 0.04, treatment 12 of 58 (20.7%), control 23 of 58 (39.7%), NNT 5.3.
|
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
|
Fiore et al., 22 May 2022, retrospective, matched cohort, Italy, peer-reviewed, mean age 62.5, 10 authors, dosage 100,000IU days 1-2.
Contact:
vitofiore30010516@gmail.com (corresponding author), andreadevitoaho@gmail.com, paola.bagella@tiscali.it, princic_e@hotmail.com, annaanto82@gmail.com, dentilucia@outlook.it, giordano@uniss.it, babuder@uniss.it, imaida@uniss.it, agfois@uniss.it.
Abstract: healthcare
Article
Effectiveness of Vitamin D Supplements among Patients
Hospitalized for COVID-19: Results from a Monocentric
Matched-Cohort Study
Vito Fiore 1, * , Andrea De Vito 1 , Paola Bagella 1 , Elija Princic 1 , Anna Antonella Mariani 1 , Lucia Denti 1 ,
Alessandro Giuseppe Fois 2 , Giordano Madeddu 1 , Sergio Babudieri 1 and Ivana Maida 1
1
2
*
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Clinic, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences,
University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; andreadevitoaho@gmail.com (A.D.V.); paola.bagella@tiscali.it (P.B.);
princic_e@hotmail.com (E.P.); annaanto82@gmail.com (A.A.M.); dentilucia@outlook.it (L.D.);
giordano@uniss.it (G.M.); babuder@uniss.it (S.B.); imaida@uniss.it (I.M.)
Unit of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospital Sassari (AOU), 07100 Sassari, Italy; agfois@uniss.it
Correspondence: vitofiore30010516@gmail.com
Academic Editor: Marina Sartini
Abstract: Objectives: Our study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of Vitamin D3 (VitD3) among
patients hospitalized for COVID-19. The primary endpoint was to evaluate the difference in survival
rates between patients receiving and not VitD3. The secondary endpoints were to evaluate clinical
outcomes, such as needing non-invasive ventilation (NIV), ICU transfer, and laboratory findings
(inflammatory parameters). Methods: We conducted a retrospective, monocentric matched-cohort
study, including patients attending our ward for COVID-19. Patients were divided into two groups
depending on VitD3 administration (Group A) or not (Group B) among patients with low VitD
levels (defined as blood levels < 30 ng/mL), which depended on physicians’ judgment. Our internal
protocol provides VitD3 100,000 UI/daily for two days. Findings: 58 patients were included in
Group A, and 58 in Group B. Patients were matched for age, sex, comorbidities, COVID-19-related
symptoms, PaO2/FiO2 ratio, blood exams, and medical treatments. Regarding the principal endpoint,
there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in survival rates [Group A vs.
Group B = 3 vs. 11 (p = 0.042)]. When considering secondary endpoints, Group A patients were less
likely to undergo NIV [Group A vs. Group B = 12 vs. 23 (p = 0.026)] and showed an improvement in
almost all inflammatory parameters. Conclusions: The link between VitD3 deficiency and the clinical
course of COVID-19 during hospitalization suggests that VitD3 level is a useful prognostic marker.
Considering the safety of supplementation and the low cost, VitD3 replacement should be considered
among SARS-CoV-2 infected patients needing hospitalization.
Received: 28 April 2022
Keywords: COVID-19; vitamin D3 supplement; SARS-CoV-2; matched cohort
Citation: Fiore, V.; De Vito, A.;
Bagella, P.; Princic, E.; Mariani, A.A.;
Denti, L.; Fois, A.G.; Madeddu, G.;
Babudieri, S.; Maida, I. Effectiveness
of Vitamin D Supplements among
Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19:
Results from a Monocentric
Matched-Cohort Study. Healthcare
2022, 10, 956. https://doi.org/
10.3390/healthcare10050956
Accepted: 19 May 2022
Published: 22 May 2022
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral
with regard to jurisdictional claims in
Late treatment
is less effective
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. Vaccines and
treatments are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should
be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment, vaccine, or intervention
is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not
provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified
physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and
benefits based on your medical history and situation.
FLCCC and
WCH
provide treatment protocols.
Submit