Association of nirmatrelvir for acute SARS‐CoV‐2 infection with subsequent Long COVID symptoms in an observational cohort study

DOI record: { "DOI": "10.1002/jmv.29333", "ISSN": [ "0146-6615", "1096-9071" ], "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.29333", "abstract": "<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Oral nirmatrelvir/ritonavir is approved as treatment for acute COVID‐19, but the effect of treatment during acute infection on risk of Long COVID is unknown. We hypothesized that nirmatrelvir treatment during acute SARS‐CoV‐2 infection reduces risk of developing Long COVID and rebound after treatment is associated with Long COVID. We conducted an observational cohort study within the Covid Citizen Science (CCS) study, an online cohort study with over 100 000 participants. We included vaccinated, nonhospitalized, nonpregnant individuals who reported their first SARS‐CoV‐2 positive test March–August 2022. Oral nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment was ascertained during acute SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Patient‐reported Long COVID symptoms, symptom rebound and test‐positivity rebound were asked on subsequent surveys at least 3 months after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. A total of 4684 individuals met the eligibility criteria, of whom 988 (21.1%) were treated and 3696 (78.9%) were untreated; 353/988 (35.7%) treated and 1258/3696 (34.0%) untreated responded to the Long COVID survey (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 1611). Among 1611 participants, median age was 55 years and 66% were female. At 5.4 ± 1.3 months after infection, nirmatrelvir treatment was not associated with subsequent Long COVID symptoms (odds ratio [OR]: 1.15; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80–1.64; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.45). Among 666 treated who answered rebound questions, rebound symptoms or test positivity were not associated with Long COVID symptoms (OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 0.74–2.41; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.33). Within this cohort of vaccinated, nonhospitalized individuals, oral nirmatrelvir treatment during acute SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and rebound after nirmatrelvir treatment were not associated with Long COVID symptoms more than 90 days after infection.</jats:p>", "alternative-id": [ "10.1002/jmv.29333" ], "assertion": [ { "group": { "label": "Publication History", "name": "publication_history" }, "label": "Received", "name": "received", "order": 0, "value": "2023-11-07" }, { "group": { "label": "Publication History", "name": "publication_history" }, "label": "Accepted", "name": "accepted", "order": 1, "value": "2023-12-08" }, { "group": { "label": "Publication History", "name": "publication_history" }, "label": "Published", "name": "published", "order": 2, "value": "2024-01-04" } ], "author": [ { "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7612-3352", "affiliation": [ { "name": "Division of Cardiology at ZSFG, Department of Medicine University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) San Francisco California USA" } ], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Durstenfeld", "given": "Matthew S.", "sequence": "first" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, &amp; Global Medicine UCSF San Francisco California USA" } ], "family": "Peluso", "given": "Michael J.", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics UCSF San Francisco California USA" } ], "family": "Lin", "given": "Feng", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics UCSF San Francisco California USA" } ], "family": "Peyser", "given": "Noah D.", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Department of Epidemiology &amp; Population Health Albert Einstein College of Medicine New York City New York USA" } ], "family": "Isasi", "given": "Carmen", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Louisiana Public Health Institute New Orleans Louisiana USA" } ], "family": "Carton", "given": "Thomas W.", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Department of Experimental Medicine UCSF San Francisco California USA" } ], "family": "Henrich", "given": "Timothy J.", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, &amp; Global Medicine UCSF San Francisco California USA" } ], "family": "Deeks", "given": "Steven G.", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine UCSF San Francisco California USA" } ], "family": "Olgin", "given": "Jeffrey E.", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics UCSF San Francisco California USA" } ], "family": "Pletcher", "given": "Mark J.", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Division of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Medicine UCSF San Francisco California USA" } ], "family": "Beatty", "given": "Alexis L.", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine UCSF San Francisco California USA" } ], "family": "Marcus", "given": "Gregory M.", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [ { "name": "Division of Cardiology at ZSFG, Department of Medicine University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) San Francisco California USA" } ], "family": "Hsue", "given": "Priscilla Y.", "sequence": "additional" } ], "container-title": "Journal of Medical Virology", "container-title-short": "Journal of Medical Virology", "content-domain": { "crossmark-restriction": true, "domain": [ "onlinelibrary.wiley.com" ] }, "created": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 1, 4 ] ], "date-time": "2024-01-04T15:00:36Z", "timestamp": 1704380436000 }, "deposited": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 1, 4 ] ], "date-time": "2024-01-04T15:00:43Z", "timestamp": 1704380443000 }, "funder": [ { "DOI": "10.13039/100000070", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "name": "National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering" }, { "DOI": "10.13039/100000865", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "name": "Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation" }, { "DOI": "10.13039/100006093", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "name": "Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute" }, { "DOI": "10.13039/100000050", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "name": "National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute" } ], "indexed": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 1, 5 ] ], "date-time": "2024-01-05T00:15:25Z", "timestamp": 1704413725754 }, "is-referenced-by-count": 0, "issue": "1", "issued": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 1 ] ] }, "journal-issue": { "issue": "1", "published-print": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 1 ] ] } }, "language": "en", "license": [ { "URL": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "content-version": "vor", "delay-in-days": 3, "start": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 1, 4 ] ], "date-time": "2024-01-04T00:00:00Z", "timestamp": 1704326400000 } } ], "link": [ { "URL": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jmv.29333", "content-type": "unspecified", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "similarity-checking" } ], "member": "311", "original-title": [], "prefix": "10.1002", "published": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 1 ] ] }, "published-online": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 1, 4 ] ] }, "published-print": { "date-parts": [ [ 2024, 1 ] ] }, "publisher": "Wiley", "reference": [ { "DOI": "10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00703-9", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "key": "e_1_2_10_2_1" }, { "DOI": "10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.02.008", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "key": "e_1_2_10_3_1" }, { "DOI": "10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.014", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "key": "e_1_2_10_4_1" }, { "DOI": "10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147549", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "key": "e_1_2_10_5_1" }, { "DOI": "10.1038/s41586-022-05542-y", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "key": "e_1_2_10_6_1" }, { "DOI": "10.1093/cid/ciac722", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "key": "e_1_2_10_7_1" }, { "DOI": "10.1016/j.medj.2022.04.001", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "key": "e_1_2_10_8_1" }, { "DOI": "10.1002/ana.26350", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "key": "e_1_2_10_9_1" }, { "DOI": "10.1101/2023.10.24.23297114", "doi-asserted-by": "crossref", "key": "e_1_2_10_10_1", "unstructured": "PelusoMJ SwankZN GoldbergSA et al.Plasma‐based antigen persistence in the post‐acute phase of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.medRxiv. 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