Rapid In‐Vitro Inactivation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) Using Povidone‐Iodine Oral Antiseptic Rinse
BDS, MS, FACP Avinash S Bidra, MD, FACS Jesse S Pelletier, PhD Jonna B Westover, MD Samantha Frank, MD, MBA Seth M Brown, MD, FACS Belachew Tessema
Journal of Prosthodontics, doi:10.1111/jopr.13209
Purpose: To investigate the optimal contact time and concentration for viricidal activity of oral preparation of povidone-iodine (PVP-I) against SARS-CoV-2 ('corona virus') to mitigate the risk and transmission of the virus in the dental practice.
Materials and Methods: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) USA-WA1/2020 strain, virus stock was tested against oral antiseptic solutions consisting of aqueous povidone-iodine (PVP-I) as the sole active ingredient. The PVP-I was tested at diluted concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%. Test media without any virus was added to 2 tubes of the compounds to serve as toxicity and neutralization controls. Ethanol (70%) was tested in parallel as a positive control, and water only as a negative control. The test solutions and virus were incubated at room temperature (22 ± 2 °C) for time periods of 15 and 30 seconds. The solution was then neutralized by a 1/10 dilution in minimum essential medium (MEM) 2% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 50 µg/mL gentamicin. Surviving virus from each sample was quantified by standard end-point dilution assay and the log reduction value (LRV) of each compound compared to the negative (water) control was calculated. Results: PVP-I oral antiseptics at all tested concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%, completely inactivated SARS-CoV-2 within 15 seconds of contact. The 70% ethanol control group was unable to completely inactivate SARS-CoV-2 after 15 seconds of contact, but was able to inactivate the virus at 30 seconds of contact. Conclusions: PVP-I oral antiseptic preparations rapidly inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus in vitro. The viricidal activity was present at the lowest concentration of 0.5 % PVP-I and at the lowest contact time of 15 seconds. This important finding can justify the use of preprocedural oral rinsing with PVP-I (for patients and health care providers) may be useful as an adjunct to personal protective equipment, for dental and surgical specialties during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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'abstract': '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose</jats:title><jats:p>To '
'investigate the optimal contact time and concentration for viricidal activity of oral '
'preparation of povidone‐iodine (PVP‐I) against SARS‐CoV‐2 (‘corona virus’) to mitigate the '
'risk and transmission of the virus in the dental '
'practice.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and '
'Methods</jats:title><jats:p>The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) '
'USA‐WA1/2020 strain, virus stock was tested against oral antiseptic solutions consisting of '
'aqueous povidone‐iodine (PVP‐I) as the sole active ingredient. The PVP‐I was tested at '
'diluted concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%. Test media without any virus was added to 2 '
'tubes of the compounds to serve as toxicity and neutralization controls. Ethanol (70%) was '
'tested in parallel as a positive control, and water only as a negative control. The test '
'solutions and virus were incubated at room temperature (22 ± 2 °C) for time periods of 15 and '
'30 seconds. The solution was then neutralized by a 1/10 dilution in minimum essential medium '
'(MEM) 2% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 50 µg/mL gentamicin. Surviving virus from each sample was '
'quantified by standard end‐point dilution assay and the log reduction value (LRV) of each '
'compound compared to the negative (water) control was '
'calculated.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>PVP‐I oral '
'antiseptics at all tested concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%, completely inactivated '
'SARS‐CoV‐2 within 15 seconds of contact. The 70% ethanol control group was unable to '
'completely inactivate SARS‐CoV‐2 after 15 seconds of contact, but was able to inactivate the '
'virus at 30 seconds of '
'contact.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>PVP‐I oral '
'antiseptic preparations rapidly inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 virus in vitro. The viricidal activity '
'was present at the lowest concentration of 0.5 % PVP‐I and at the lowest contact time of 15 '
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