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Nigella sativa for the treatment of COVID-19 patients: A rapid systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Umer et al., Food Science & Nutrition, doi:10.1002/fsn3.3906
Dec 2023  
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Mortality 73% Improvement Relative Risk Hospitalization 74% Recovery 52% Viral clearance 38% Nigella Sativa  Umer et al.  META ANALYSIS c19early.org Favorsnigella sativa Favorscontrol 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+
12th treatment shown to reduce risk in January 2021, now with p = 0.00016 from 14 studies.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
5,000+ studies for 104 treatments. c19early.org
Systematic review and meta analysis of seven RCTs showing significantly lower mortality (RR 0.27) and improved viral clearance (RR 0.62) with nigella sativa treatment in COVID-19 patients. The mortality benefit was greater with early treatment within 5 days of symptom onset.
2 meta analyses show significant improvements with nigella sativa for mortality1,2 and viral clearance2.
Currently there are 14 nigella sativa for COVID-19 studies, showing 57% lower mortality [-20‑85%], 62% lower ventilation [19‑82%], 40% lower ICU admission [-61‑78%], 34% lower hospitalization [16‑47%], and 51% fewer cases [21‑69%].
risk of death, 73.0% lower, RR 0.27, p = 0.009.
risk of hospitalization, 74.0% lower, RR 0.26, p = 0.15.
risk of no recovery, 52.0% lower, OR 0.48, p = 0.10, RR approximated with OR.
risk of no viral clearance, 38.0% lower, RR 0.62, p = 0.04.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Umer et al., 27 Dec 2023, peer-reviewed, 9 authors.
This PaperNigella SativaAll
Nigella sativa for the treatment of COVID-19 patients: A rapid systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Mohammad Umer, Aiman Naveed, | Qanita, | Huzaifa, Ahmad Cheema, Abia Shahid, Alaa Hamza Hermis, Sampath Chinnam, | Sarya Swed, Syeda Sahra, Sarya Swed, Huzaifa Ahmad Cheema
doi:10.1002/fsn3.3906
Nigella sativa is an herbal therapy for various afflictions. It has some potential to be a promising option as an efficacious treatment for COVID-19 patients that can contribute to global healthcare as a relatively cheap therapy but evidence of its use from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is limited. Therefore, to explore the effect of N. sativa in combating COVID-19, we undertook this meta-analysis. We searched several databases to retrieve all RCTs investigating N. sativa for the treatment of COVID-19 as compared to placebo or standard care. We used RevMan 5.4 for all analyses with risk ratio (RR) or odds ratio (OR) as the effect measures. We included a total of seven RCTs in this review. N. sativa significantly reduced the risk of allcause mortality in patients with COVID-19 compared to the control group (RR 0.27, 95% CI: 0.10 to 0.72; I 2 = 0%). N. sativa significantly reduced the rate of viral PCR positivity (RR 0.62, 95% CI: 0.39 to 0.97; I 2 = 0%). We did not find any significant difference in the risk of hospitalization (RR 0.26, 95% CI: 0.04 to 1.54; I 2 = 0%) and the rate of no recovery (OR 0.48, 95% CI: 0.20 to 1.15; I 2 = 84%) between the two groups. N. sativa is an easily available herbal medicine that may decrease the risk of mortality and improve virological clearance in COVID-19 patients. However, our results are limited by the small number of RCTs available. Further large-scale RCTs are needed to better understand the anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects of N. sativa in COVID-19 patients.
S U PP O RTI N G I N FO R M ATI O N Additional supporting information can be found online in the Supporting Information section at the end of this article.
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