Therapeutic effects of high-dose vitamin C supplementation in patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2023, 9, 9]], 'date-time': '2023-09-09T04:50:03Z', 'timestamp': 1694235003185}, 'reference-count': 49, 'publisher': 'Oxford University Press (OUP)', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 9, 8]], 'date-time': '2023-09-08T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1694131200000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights'}], 'funder': [ { 'DOI': '10.13039/501100001809', 'name': 'National Natural Scientific Foundation of China', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'award': ['82003400']}, { 'name': 'Science and Technology Program of Henan Province', 'award': ['232102311079', '212102310622']}], 'content-domain': {'domain': [], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'abstract': '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Context</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could induce the\xa0“cytokine ' 'storm” due to overactivation of immune system and accompanied by acute respiratory distress ' 'syndrome as a serious complication. Vitamin\u2009C has been effective in improving lung ' 'function of patients by reducing inflammation.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Objective</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>The aim was to explore the therapeutic effects of high-dose ' 'vitamin\u2009C supplementation for patients with COVID-19 using meta-analysis.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Data Sources</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>Published studies were searched from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web ' 'of Science, EMBASE, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases up to August 2022 ' 'using the terms “vitamin\u2009C” and “COVID-19”. Data analyses were performed independently ' 'by 2 researchers using the PRISMA guidelines.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Data Extraction</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>Heterogeneity between the included studies was assessed using I2 ' 'statistics. When I2 ≥50%, the random-effects model was used; otherwise, a fixed-effects model ' 'was applied. Stata 14.0 software was used to pool data by standardized mean differences ' '(SMDs) with 95% CIs or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Data Analysis</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>The 14 studies had a total of 751 patients and 1583 control ' 'participants in 7 randomized controlled trials and 7 retrospective studies. The vitamin\u2009' 'C supplement significantly increased ferritin (SMD\u2009=\u20090.272; 95% CI: 0.059 to 0.485; ' 'P\u2009=\u20090.012) and lymphocyte count levels (SMD\u2009=\u20090.376; 95% CI: 0.153 to ' '0.599; P\u2009=\u20090.001) in patients with COVID-19. Patients administered vitamin\u2009C ' 'in the length of intensive care unit staying (SMD\u2009=\u20090.226; 95% CI: 0.073 to 0.379; ' 'P\u2009=\u20090.004). Intake of vitamin\u2009C prominently alleviate disease aggravation ' '(OR\u2009=\u20090.344, 95%CI: 0.135 to 0.873, P\u2009=\u20090.025).</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>High-dose vitamin\u2009C supplementation can alleviate inflammatory ' 'response and hinder the aggravation of COVID-19.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec>', 'DOI': '10.1093/nutrit/nuad105', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2023, 9, 8]], 'date-time': '2023-09-08T15:58:42Z', 'timestamp': 1694188722000}, 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'Therapeutic effects of high-dose vitamin C supplementation in patients with COVID-19: a ' 'meta-analysis', 'prefix': '10.1093', 'author': [ { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6134-1592', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Lei', 'family': 'Sun', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, ' 'Zhengzhou University, 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