DOI record:
{
"DOI": "10.1093/nutrit/nuae154",
"ISSN": [
"0029-6643",
"1753-4887"
],
"URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae154",
"abstract": "<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n <jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Context</jats:title>\n <jats:p>Vitamin C has been used as an essential antioxidant to reduce the inflammatory response associated with pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), but its effect on clinical outcomes remains controversial and inconclusive.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec>\n <jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Objective</jats:title>\n <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis and systematic review to assess the effects of vitamin C supplementation on the severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec>\n <jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Data Sources</jats:title>\n <jats:p>Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, CNKI, CSTJ, Wan fang, and CBM databases were searched for publications between January 2020 and December 2023 that met the inclusion criteria.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec>\n <jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Data Extraction</jats:title>\n <jats:p>The meta-analyses of outcomes in more than one study were performed using Review Manager software. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 statistic. A randomized controlled trial, cohort studies, and retrospective studies in which vitamin C supplementation was supplemented as monotherapy or in combination, compared with placebo, no treatment, or other standard treatment without vitamin C were included.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec>\n <jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Data Analysis</jats:title>\n <jats:p>After screening, 22 studies, with a total of 6831 patients, were selected for assessment. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were calculated using fixed- and random-effects models. The meta-analysis showed significant effects of vitamin C on alleviating clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19 (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.65–0.89, P = .0007) but no shortening of the length of hospitalization (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = −0.13–2.44, P = .08) compared with the control group. Notably, vitamin C supplements significantly reduced the mortality risk (OR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.51–0.80, P = .0001) and the incidence of severity (OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.43–0.80, P = .0006) in COVID-19 patients.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec>\n <jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>\n <jats:p>The findings suggest that vitamin C supplements may have a beneficial effect on clinical outcomes, as well as reducing severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients, but more clinical randomized controlled trials are needed to evaluate the role of vitamin C in treating COVID-19.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec>\n <jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Systematic Review Registration</jats:title>\n <jats:p>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023491517.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec>",
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