Nutritional Status and Selenium Biomarkers in COVID-19
et al., Nutrition, doi:10.1016/j.nut.2026.113144, Feb 2026
Cross-sectional study of 95 COVID-19 patients and 29 healthy controls examining selenium status and nutritional factors. Patients with moderate/severe COVID-19 had lower selenoprotein P levels compared to mild cases, despite adequate dietary selenium intake across all groups.
Roldán-Bretón et al., 28 Feb 2026, retrospective, Mexico, peer-reviewed, 6 authors, study period June 2020 - October 2020.
Contact: renata.roldan@uabc.edu.mx, nutrois@gmail.com, gabriela.leija@uabc.edu.mx, maria.navarro.ibarra@uabc.edu.mx, gonzaleza1@uabc.edu.mx, esther.mejia86@uabc.edu.mx.
Nutritional Status and Selenium Biomarkers in COVID-19
Nutrition, doi:10.1016/j.nut.2026.113144
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 , caused by SARS-CoV-2, causes severe systemic effects. The oxidative mechanism of COVID-19 is characterized by excessive production of reactive oxygen species within infected cells, contributing to oxidative stress, cellular damage, and inflammation. Clinical features, dietary intake, and micronutrients influence infection severity. Selenium is an essential micronutrient that plays a crucial role in modulating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. These responses are closely associated with COVID-19 severity and progression. This study was conducted in northern Mexico between June and October 2020. Participants included adults aged 18 years and older with healthy and PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. We found that patients with COVID-19 exhibited a higher prevalence of overweight or obesity, although there were no significant differences in BMI or by age. Body composition analysis revealed that female COVID-19 patients had significantly higher fat mass and lower fat-free mass compared to healthy females. Dietary analysis showed both groups had elevated caloric intake, characterized by high consumption of total fats, saturated fats, and added sugars, concurrent with inadequate fiber and vitamin D intake. COVID-19 patients had selenium intake within recommendations. However, Selenoprotein P was lower in moderate/severe COVID-19 patients. Serum albumin and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were significantly reduced in COVID-19 patients, potentially suggesting systemic inflammation. This study highlights the importance of assessing nutritional status and dietary patterns to understand their potential role in disease progression and recovery, emphasizing the relevance of essential nutrients in maintaining health during infections and the need for further research to linking selenium, inflammation, and clinical outcomes.
Author Contributions All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by NRRB. The first draft of the manuscript was written by NRRB and MEML. DRP, MJNI, AAGR and AGLM commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-forprofit sectors.
Competing Interests RBNR receives a CONACYT grant number 2021-000018-02NACF-06760 to pursue doctoral studies. The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Declaration of interests ☐ The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. ☒ The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Maria Esther Mejia Leon reports was provided by Autonomous University of Baja California. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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