25-Hydroxyvitamin D level is associated with mortality in patients with critical COVID-19: a prospective observational study in Mexico City
Israel Parra-Ortega, Diana Guadalupe Alcara-Ramírez, Alma Angélica Ronzon-Ronzon, Fermín Elías-García, José Agustín Mata-Chapol, Alejandro Daniel Cervantes-Cote, Briceida López-Martínez, Miguel Angel Villasis-Keever, Jessie Nallely Zurita-Cruz
Nutrition Research and Practice, doi:10.4162/nrp.2021.15.s1.s32
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Considering the high number of deaths from coronavirus disease 2019 in Latin American countries, together with multiple factors that increase the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, we aimed to determine 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels and its association with mortality in patients with critical COVID-19. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This was a prospective observational study including adult patients with critical COVID-19. Data, including clinical characteristics and 25(OH)D levels measured at the time of intensive care unit admission, were collected. All patients were followed until hospital discharge or in-hospital death. The patients were divided into those surviving and deceased patient groups, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine independent predictors of in hospital mortality.
RESULTS: The entire cohort comprised 94 patients with critical COVID-19 (males, 59.6%; median age, 61.5 years). The median 25(OH)D level was 12.7 ng/mL, and 15 (16%) and 79 (84%) patients had vitamin D insufficiency and vitamin D deficiency, respectively. The median serum 25(OH)D level was significantly lower in deceased patients compared with surviving (12.1 vs. 18.7 ng/mL, P < 0.001). Vitamin D deficiency was present in 100% of the deceased patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age, body mass index, other risk factors, and 25(OH)D level were independent predictors of mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D deficiency was present in 84% of critical COVID-19 patients. Serum 25(OH)D was independently associated with mortality in critical patients with COVID-19.
Conflict of Interest The authors declare no potential conflicts of interests.
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary Material 1
Diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Click here to view
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