Impact of Serum 25(OH) Vitamin D Level on Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 in Turkey
Karahan et al.,
Impact of Serum 25(OH) Vitamin D Level on Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 in Turkey,
J. Nutr. Health Aging, doi:10.1007/s12603-020-1479-0
Retrospective 149 COVID-19 patients, 69.1% with vitamin D deficiency, showing lower vitamin D levels associated with higher mortality.
risk of death, 82.5% lower, RR 0.17, p < 0.001, high D levels 5 of 46 (10.9%), low D levels 64 of 103 (62.1%), NNT 2.0, >20nmol/L.
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Karahan et al., 5 Oct 2020, retrospective, Turkey, peer-reviewed, 2 authors.
Abstract: J Nutr Health Aging. 2020;
© Serdi and Springer-Verlag International SAS, part of Springer Nature
IMPACT OF SERUM 25(OH) VITAMIN D LEVEL ON MORTALITY
IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 IN TURKEY
S. KARAHAN, F. KATKAT
Bagcilar Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi, Turkey. Corresponding author: Serkan Karahan, Bagcilar Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi, Turkey, drserkankarahan@gmail.com
Abstract: Background: Because of the lack of sufficient data, we aimed to investigate the role of serum 25(OH)
vitamin D level on COVID severity and related mortality. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study.
Data, including sociodemographic features, clinical characteristics, and laboratory data, and 25(OH) vitamin D
levels were recorded for each study participant. Patients were stratified into different vitamin D groups; Normal
(Serum 25(OH) vitamin D level >30 ng/mL), Vitamin D insufficiency (21-29 ng/mL), and deficiency (<20 ng/
mL). The severity of COVID was classified according to the Chinese Clinical Guideline for classification
of COVID-19 severity. Mortality data were determined for participants. Univariate and multivariate Logistic
regression analysis was performed to determine independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. Results: Overall,
149 COVID-19 patients (females 45.6%, mean age 63.5 ± 15.3 (range 24-90 years) years) were included. Fortyseven patients (31.5%) had moderate COVID-19, whereas 102 patients (68.5%) had severe-critical COVID-19.
The mean 25(OH) vitamin D level was 15.2 ± 10.3 ng/mL. Thirty-four (22.8%) and 103 (69.1%) patients had
vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency, respectively. Mean serum 25(OH) vitamin D level was significantly
lower in patients with severe-critical COVID-19 compared with moderate COVID-19 (10.1 ± 6.2 vs. 26.3 ± 8.4
ng/mL, respectively, p<0.001). Vitamin D insufficiency was present in 93.1% of the patients with severe-critical
COVID-19. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that only lymphocyte count, white blood cell
count, serum albumin and, 25(OH) vitamin D level were independent predictors of mortality. Conclusion: Serum
25(OH) vitamin D was independently associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients.
Key words: COVID-19, mortality, prognosis, vitamin D.
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