Epidemiological Analysis of Nitric Oxide Nasal Spray (VirX™) Use in Students Exposed to COVID-19 Infected Individuals

Miller et al., Respiratory Therapy, 18:2, 2023 (date from earlier release of results), Apr 2022
Case 75% improvement lower risk ← → higher risk Nitric Oxide  Miller et al.  PROPHYLAXIS Does nitric oxide reduce COVID-19 infections? Retrospective 625 patients in Thailand Fewer cases with nitric oxide (p<0.000001) c19early.org Miller et al., Respiratory Therapy, 2023, Apr 2022 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ RR
42nd treatment shown to reduce risk in June 2022, now with p = 0.012 from 12 studies, recognized in 10 countries.
Lower risk for cases and viral clearance.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
6,300+ studies for 210+ treatments. c19early.org
Retrospective 625 high-risk university students in Thailand showing reduced SARS-CoV-2 infection rates with nitric oxide nasal spray prophylaxis. Among students exposed to infected individuals, those voluntarily using treatment (n=203) had a 6.4% infection rate compared to 25.6% in the control group (n=422) (p<0.0001). Adverse events were limited to mild nasal burning or irritation in 11.4% of users, with no severe events reported. Authors note the study is limited by its retrospective, open-label nature and lack of randomization. Students who chose the treatment may have been more health-conscious or compliant with other protective measures. Authors are executives of the manufacturer.
Targeted administration to the respiratory tract provides treatment directly to the typical source of initial SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication, and allows for rapid onset of action, higher local drug concentration, and reduced systemic side effects.
risk of case, 75.0% lower, RR 0.25, p < 0.001, treatment 13 of 203 (6.4%), control 108 of 422 (25.6%), NNT 5.2.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Miller et al., 30 Apr 2022, retrospective, Thailand, peer-reviewed, 2 authors.
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19 treatment protocols c19early.org January 2026 Thailand United Kingdom Russia USA Sudan Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Pakistan Argentina Peru Philippines Vietnam Spain Brazil Italy France Japan China Uzbekistan Nepal Ethiopia Iran Ghana Mexico South Korea Germany Bangladesh Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland Nigeria Egypt Bolivia Taiwan Zambia Fiji Bosnia-Herzegovina Ukraine Côte d'Ivoire Bulgaria Greece Slovakia Singapore Iceland New Zealand Tajikistan Mongolia Czechia Israel Trinidad and Tobago Hong Kong North Macedonia Belarus Qatar Panama Serbia CAR Chad Syria Thailand favored low-cost treatments.The average efficacy of treatments was high.Low-cost treatments improve early treatment, andprovide complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
$0 $500 $1,000+ Efficacy vs. cost for COVID-19treatment protocols worldwide c19early.org January 2026 Thailand United Kingdom Russia USA Sudan Angola Colombia Kenya Mozambique Pakistan Argentina Peru Philippines Vietnam Spain Brazil Italy France Japan China Uzbekistan Nepal Ethiopia Iran Ghana Mexico South Korea Germany Bangladesh Saudi Arabia Algeria Morocco Yemen Poland India Venezuela Nigeria Egypt Bolivia Taiwan Zambia Fiji Ukraine Côte d'Ivoire Eritrea Bulgaria Greece Slovakia Singapore New Zealand Mongolia Czechia Israel Trinidad and Tobago Hong Kong North Macedonia Belarus Qatar Panama Serbia CAR Chad Syria Thailand favored low-cost treatments.The average efficacy was high.Low-cost protocols improve early treatment,and add complementary/synergistic benefits. More effective More expensive 75% 50% 25% ≤0%
Abstract: Volume 18 Number 2 Spring 2023 The Journal of Pulmonary Technique Epidemiological Analysis of Nitric Oxide Nasal Spray (VirX ) Use in Students Exposed to COVID-19 Infected Individuals ™ Chris Miller, PhD, BA, RT and Keith Moore, PharmD, FCCP, BCPS
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