Serum 25(OH) Vitamin D Levels in Pregnant Women with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Case-Control Study
Nazaret Ferrer-Sánchez, Marina Díaz-Goicoechea, Victoria Mayoral-Cesar, Silvia García-Solbas, Bruno José Nievas-Soriano, Tesifón Parrón-Carreño, Ana María Fernández-Alonso
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, doi:10.3390/ijerph19073965
The physiological changes during pregnancy may increase the risk of complications in pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Vitamin D is a fat-soluble secosteroid hormone and its role in immunity is appears to be of particular importance in this recent pandemic. Nevertheless, there is little research about the role of vitamin D levels regarding COVID-19 in pregnant women to date. This study aimed to establish a relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in pregnant women and COVID-19. A comparative case-control study was performed with a study population of 256 pregnant women (82 pregnant women with infection and 174 women in control group). Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in pregnant women with COVID-19 infection than in those without infection. In addition, 89% of COVID-19-positive pregnant women had 25(OH)D deficiency, while in the control group the percentage was 75.30%, finding statistically significant differences (ORa = 2.68; 95% CI 1.19-6.06; p = 0.01). Our results find a relationship between vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and COVID-19 infection. This finding could be relevant for actual clinical practice. Thus, more research is needed in this field.
Institutional Review Board Statement: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Institutional Review Board (or Ethics Committee) of the Torrecardenas University Hospital (protocol code 2607-143/2020 and date of approval: 27 January 2021). Informed Consent Statement: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.
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'pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Vitamin D is a fat-soluble '
'secosteroid hormone and its role in immunity is appears to be of particular importance in '
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