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All Studies   Meta Analysis    Recent:   

Low vitamin D levels are associated with Long COVID syndrome in COVID-19 survivors

di Filippo et al., The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, doi:10.1210/clinem/dgad207
Apr 2023  
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Vitamin D for COVID-19
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Retrospective 50 COVID-19 patients with long COVID and 50 matched patients without long COVID, showing lower vitamin D levels associated with long COVID.
di Filippo et al., 13 Apr 2023, retrospective, Italy, peer-reviewed, 7 authors, study period 31 August, 2020 - 30 November, 2020. Contact: giustina.andrea@hsr.it.
This PaperVitamin DAll
Low vitamin D levels are associated with Long COVID syndrome in COVID-19 survivors
Luigi Di Filippo, Stefano Frara, Fabrizio Nannipieri, Alice Cotellessa, Massimo Locatelli, Patrizia Rovere Querini, Andrea Giustina, Prof Andrea Giustina, Pharma S P A Andrea Giustina
doi:10.1210/clinem/dgad207/7116659
Purpose: Long-COVID is an emerging syndrome affecting 50-70% of COVID-19 survivors which still lacks predicting factors. Due to the extra-skeletal effects of vitamin D, we retrospectively assessed in COVID-19 survivors 6-months after hospitalization the association between 25(OH)vitamin D levels and Long-COVID. Methods: Long-COVID was defined according to NICE-guidelines. Fifty Long-COVID and 50 non-Long-COVID subjects matched on a 1:1-basis were enrolled from an outpatient-post-COVID clinic-cohort seen from August to November 2020. Therapies/comorbidities affecting calcium/vitamin-D/bone metabolism, and/or admission in ICU during hospitalization were exclusion criteria. 25(OH)vitamin D was measured at hospital-admission and 6-months after discharge. Results: We observed lower 25(OH)vitamin D levels, evaluated at follow-up, in subjects with Long-COVID than those without (20.1vs23.2 ng/mL-p=0.03). Regarding the affected health-areas evaluated in the entire cohort, we observed lower 25(OH)vitamin D levels in those with neurocognitive symptoms at follow-up (n.7) as compared to those without (n.93) (14.6vs20.6 ng/mL-p=0.042). In patients presenting vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) both at admission and at follow-up (n.42), those affected by Long-COVID (n.22) presented lower 25(OH)vitamin D levels, at follow-up, compared to those not affected (n.20) (12.7vs15.2 ng/mL-p=0.041). In multiple-regression analyses, lower 25(OH)vitamin D levels, at follow-up, resulted as the only variable significantly associated with Long-COVID in our cohort (p=0.008, OR 1.09-CI 1.01-1.16). Conclusions : COVID-19 survivors with Long-COVID have lower 25(OH)vitamin D levels as compared to matched-patients without Long-COVID. Our data suggest that vitamin D levels should be evaluated in COVID-19 patients after hospital-discharge. Role of vitamin D supplementation as preventive strategy of COVID-19 sequelae should be tested in randomized-controlled trials.
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Due to the extra-skeletal effects of vitamin ' 'D, we retrospectively assessed in COVID-19 survivors 6-months after hospitalization the ' 'association between 25(OH)vitamin D levels and Long-COVID.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>Long-COVID was defined according to NICE-guidelines. Fifty ' 'Long-COVID and 50 non-Long-COVID subjects matched on a 1:1-basis were enrolled from an ' 'outpatient-post-COVID clinic-cohort seen from August to November 2020. ' 'Therapies/comorbidities affecting calcium/vitamin-D/bone metabolism, and/or admission in ICU ' 'during hospitalization were exclusion criteria. 25(OH)vitamin D was measured at ' 'hospital-admission and 6-months after discharge.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>We observed lower 25(OH)vitamin D levels, evaluated at follow-up, ' 'in subjects with Long-COVID than those without (20.1vs23.2\u2005ng/mL-p\u2009=\u20090.03). ' 'Regarding the affected health-areas evaluated in the entire cohort, we observed lower ' '25(OH)vitamin D levels in those with neurocognitive symptoms at follow-up (n.7) as compared ' 'to those without (n.93) (14.6vs20.6\u2005ng/mL-p\u2009=\u20090.042). In patients presenting ' 'vitamin D deficiency (&amp;lt;20\u2005ng/mL) both at admission and at follow-up (n.42), those ' 'affected by Long-COVID (n.22) presented lower 25(OH)vitamin D levels, at follow-up, compared ' 'to those not affected (n.20) (12.7vs15.2\u2005ng/mL-p\u2009=\u20090.041). In ' 'multiple-regression analyses, lower 25(OH)vitamin D levels, at follow-up, resulted as the ' 'only variable significantly associated with Long-COVID in our cohort (p\u2009=\u20090.008, OR ' '1.09-CI 1.01-1.16).</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>COVID-19 survivors with Long-COVID have lower 25(OH)vitamin D ' 'levels as compared to matched-patients without Long-COVID. 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