Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Muscle Status in Old Patients Recovering from COVID-19 Infection
Alberto Caballero-García, Daniel Pérez-Valdecantos, Pablo Guallar, Aurora Caballero-Castillo, Enrique Roche, David C Noriega, Alfredo Córdova
Medicina, doi:10.3390/medicina57101079
Background and Objectives: Vitamin D, in addition to its effect on mineral homeostasis, plays a key role in muscle metabolism. Vitamin D supplementation is involved in muscle recovery after damage as a consequence of either pathology or after high-intensity exercise. In this context, the aim of this study was to analyze the effect of vitamin D on muscle fitness in elderly patients in the recovery phase after SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection. Materials and Methods: This pilot study was conducted at the Soria Norte Health Center. The study consisted of a double-blind trial with two groups of men (placebo and vitamin D-supplemented) (n = 15/group). Treatment with vitamin D (cholecalciferol: 2000 IU/day) and placebo was carried out for 6 weeks. Circulating hematological and biochemical parameters (total protein, glucose, vitamin D, urea, uric acid, aspartate aminotransferase/glutamicoxaloacetic transaminase, alanine aminotransferase/glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aldolase, gamma-glutamyl transferase and myoglobin) and the hormones cortisol and testosterone were determined. As for respiratory function tests, FEV1 and respiratory flow were also studied. For physical fitness tests, the "six-minute walk test" (6MWT) was used. Results: After vitamin D supplementation, we observed that serum creatine kinase levels returned to optimal values. This change suggests a protective role of vitamin D against muscle catabolism compared to placebo. In terms of physical test results, we observed only slight non-significant improvements, although patients reported feeling better. Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation produces decreases in indicators of muscle damage, which may ultimately contribute to improving the health status and quality of life of patients who have suffered from COVID-19, during the recovery process.
Informed Consent Statement: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.
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'abstract': '<jats:p>Background and Objectives: Vitamin D, in addition to its effect on mineral '
'homeostasis, plays a key role in muscle metabolism. Vitamin D supplementation is involved in '
'muscle recovery after damage as a consequence of either pathology or after high-intensity '
'exercise. In this context, the aim of this study was to analyze the effect of vitamin D on '
'muscle fitness in elderly patients in the recovery phase after SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) '
'infection. Materials and Methods: This pilot study was conducted at the Soria Norte Health '
'Center. The study consisted of a double-blind trial with two groups of men (placebo and '
'vitamin D-supplemented) (n = 15/group). Treatment with vitamin D (cholecalciferol: 2000 '
'IU/day) and placebo was carried out for 6 weeks. Circulating hematological and biochemical '
'parameters (total protein, glucose, vitamin D, urea, uric acid, aspartate '
'aminotransferase/glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, alanine aminotransferase/glutamic-pyruvic '
'transaminase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aldolase, gamma-glutamyl transferase '
'and myoglobin) and the hormones cortisol and testosterone were determined. As for respiratory '
'function tests, FEV1 and respiratory flow were also studied. For physical fitness tests, the '
'“six-minute walk test” (6MWT) was used. Results: After vitamin D supplementation, we observed '
'that serum creatine kinase levels returned to optimal values. This change suggests a '
'protective role of vitamin D against muscle catabolism compared to placebo. In terms of '
'physical test results, we observed only slight non-significant improvements, although '
'patients reported feeling better. Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation produces decreases '
'in indicators of muscle damage, which may ultimately contribute to improving the health '
'status and quality of life of patients who have suffered from COVID-19, during the recovery '
'process.</jats:p>',
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