Vitamin D 25OH Deficiency and Mortality in Moderate to Severe COVID-19: A Multi-Center Prospective Observational Study
Laura Bogliolo, Emanuele Cereda, Catherine Klersy, Ludovico De Stefano, Federica Lobascio, Sara Masi, Silvia Crotti, Serena Bugatti, Carlomaurizio Montecucco, Stefania Demontis, Annalisa Mascheroni, Nadia Cerutti, Alberto Malesci, Salvatore Corrao, Riccardo Caccialanza
Frontiers in Nutrition, doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.934258
Discussion: The prevalence of vitamin D 25OH deficiency was confirmed to be very high in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The use of a propensity score demonstrate an absence of significant association between vitamin D deficiency and mortality in hospitalized patients.
ETHICS STATEMENT The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by Comitato Etico referente Area di Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia. The patients/participants provided their written informed consent to participate in this study.
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS LB, EC, and RC had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of data analysis. RC is chief investigators and act as guarantors for this work. Concept and design: LB, CK, RC, and EC. Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: RC, EC, LB, CK, LD, FL, SM, SC, SB, SD, AM, NC, AM, and SC. Drafting of the manuscript: LB, RC, EC, CK, and LD. Statistical analysis: CK. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.
Conflict of Interest: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Publisher's Note: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
References
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doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154753Caccialanza, Formisano, Klersy, Ferretti, Ferrari et al., Nutritional parameters associated with prognosis in non-critically ill hospitalized COVID-19 patients: the NUTRI-COVID19 study, Clin Nut,
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doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.624559DOI record:
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"abstract": "<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction</jats:title><jats:p>Several studies and meta-analyses suggested the role of vitamin D 25OH in preventing severe forms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the evidence on the clinical benefits of vitamin D 25OH adequacy in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 remain conflicting and speculative. We aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D 25OH serum levels and mortality in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method</jats:title><jats:p>This prospective observational multicentre study included 361 consecutive patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 admitted to the Italian hospitals involved in the NUTRI-COVID19 trial from March to August 2020. For each patient, serum vitamin D 25OH levels were assessed 48 h since admission and classified as deficient (&lt;20 ng/mL) or adequate (≥20 ng/mL). We built a propensity score for low/adequate vitamin D 25OH levels to balance the clinical and demographic properties of the cohort, which resulted in 261 patients with good common support used for the survival analysis.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Two Hundred-seventy-seven (77%) of the 361 enrolled patients (207 [57%] males, median age 73 ± 15.6 years) had vitamin D 25OH deficiency. Fifty-two (20%) of the 261 matched patients died during the hospital stay, corresponding to a hazard ratio of 1.18 for vitamin D 25OH deficiency (95% confidence interval: 0.86–1.62; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.29).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion</jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of vitamin D 25OH deficiency was confirmed to be very high in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The use of a propensity score demonstrate an absence of significant association between vitamin D deficiency and mortality in hospitalized patients.</jats:p></jats:sec>",
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