Statistically significant lower risk is seen for mortality, ventilation, and recovery. 9 studies from 9 independent teams in 5 countries show statistically significant improvements.
Meta analysis using the most serious outcome reported shows 43% [30‑54%] lower risk. Results are similar for higher quality studies and slightly worse for Randomized Controlled Trials and peer-reviewed studies. Early treatment is more effective than late treatment.
3 RCTs with 268 patients have not reported results (up to 3 years late).
No treatment or intervention is 100% effective. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. Multiple treatments are typically used in combination, and other treatments may be more effective. The quality of non-prescription supplements can vary widely Crawford, Crighton.
All data to reproduce this paper and sources are in the appendix. Other meta analyses show significant improvements with melatonin for mortality Pilia, Tóth, mechanical ventilation Taha, hospitalization Taha, clinical improvement Taha, and recovery Lan, Wang.
5 meta analyses show significant improvements with melatonin for mortality
Pilia,
Tóth,
mechanical ventilation
Taha,
hospitalization
Taha,
improvement
Taha, and
recovery
Lan,
Wang.
Covid Analysis et al., Apr 2024, preprint, 1 author.
