Clinical Features, Pathobiology, Efficacy, and Toxicity of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Emtricitabine for Mild to Moderate SARS-CoV-2 Infections
E A G Arruda, R J Pires-Neto, M S Medeiros, J Quirino-Filho, M Clementino, R N D G Gondim, L M V C Magalhães, K F Cavalcante, V A F Viana, L P Mello, D G L Lima1, A A Santos, P J C Magalhães2, A Havt2, C C Clososki, L L P Silva, N P Lopes, A A M Lima, Aldo Am, R J Pires
European Journal of Respiratory Medicine, doi:10.31488/ejrm.122
This study evaluated the efficacy of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and TDF combined with emtricitabine (FTC) in patients with COVID-19 infections (ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT04712357). We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in patients with mild to moderate respiratory infection caused by SARS-CoV-2. Patients were randomly recruited to take 10 days of TDF (300 mg/day), TDF (300 mg/day) combined with FTC (200 mg/day) or placebo vitamin C (500 mg/day). From a total of 309 patients with clinical suspicion of SARS-CoV-2, 227 met the inclusion criteria and were randomly distributed into the following groups: (a) 75 (one did not initiate treatment) in the TDF; (b) 74 in the TDF combined with FTC; and (c) 77 in the vitamin C (placebo). Fever (≥37.8°C), ageusia or dysgeusia, anosmia or dysosmia, and two or more clinical signs and symptoms were significantly associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. There was no significant change in clinical score based on clinical signs and symptoms between treatment groups. Patients with infection by SARS-CoV-2 had higher concentrations of G-CSF, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α compared to patients without infection. In conclusions, patientswith fever (≥37.8°C), ageusia or dysgeusia, anosmia or dysosmia, and two or more signs and symptoms, had a better prediction for the diagnosis of COVID-19. In conclusions, patients with SARS-CoV-2 showed higher and more persistent proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines profile compared to patients not infected with SARS-CoV-2. Pharmacological intervention with TDF or TDF combined with FTC did not change the clinical signs and symptoms score assessed on the seventh day in patients with SARS-CoV-2. A graphical abstract is shown in Figure 1 .
Author Contributions
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