Supplementary Data — Andrographolide for COVID-19: real-time meta analysis of 7 studies

@CovidAnalysis, December 2025, Version 8V8
0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Wanaratna (DB RCT) 86% 0.14 [0.01-2.61] progression 0/29 3/28 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Wanaratna (DB RCT) 40% 0.60 [0.33-1.09] viral+ 10/29 16/28 APFaVi Siripong.. (DB RCT) 50% 0.50 [0.05-5.39] hosp. 1/73 2/73 APFaVi Siripong.. (DB RCT) 50% 0.50 [0.05-5.39] hosp. 1/73 2/73 APFaVi Siripong.. (DB RCT) 86% 0.14 [0.01-2.72] oxygen 0/73 3/73 APFaVi Siripong.. (DB RCT) 49% 0.51 [0.05-5.47] progression 1/71 2/72 APFaVi Siripong.. (DB RCT) 37% 0.63 [0.31-1.30] no recov. 10/71 16/72 APFaVi Siripong.. (DB RCT) 4% 0.96 [0.81-1.15] no recov. 54/71 57/72 APFaVi Siripong.. (DB RCT) 33% 0.67 [0.34-1.30] no recov. 71 (n) 72 (n) APFaVi Siripong.. (DB RCT) -5% 1.05 [0.92-1.19] viral load 71 (n) 72 (n) APFaVi Siripong.. (DB RCT) -13% 1.13 [0.88-1.46] viral load 71 (n) 72 (n) Kanokkan.. (DB RCT) 51% 0.49 [0.15-1.58] progression 4/83 8/82 Kanokkan.. (DB RCT) 8% 0.92 [0.79-1.06] no recov. 64/83 69/82 Prasoppokak.. (RCT) 37% 0.63 [0.45-0.87] no recov. 43 (n) 39 (n) Prasoppokak.. (RCT) 18% 0.82 [0.39-1.73] no recov. 10/43 11/39 Prasoppokak.. (RCT) 46% 0.54 [0.32-0.91] no recov. 13/43 22/39 Prasoppokak.. (RCT) 55% 0.45 [0.04-4.81] no recov. 1/43 2/39 Prasoppokak.. (RCT) 40% 0.60 [0.11-3.43] no recov. 2/43 3/39 Prasoppokak.. (RCT) 30% 0.70 [0.35-1.41] no recov. 10/43 13/39 Prasoppokak.. (RCT) 42% 0.58 [0.25-1.34] no recov. 7/43 11/39 Prasoppokak.. (RCT) 45% 0.55 [0.23-1.32] no recov. 43 (n) 39 (n) Prasoppokak.. (RCT) 55% 0.45 [0.04-4.81] no recov. 1/43 2/39 Prasoppokak.. (RCT) 48% 0.52 [0.16-1.64] no recov. 4/43 7/39 Prasoppokak.. (RCT) 68% 0.32 [0.01-7.69] no recov. 0/43 1/39 Prasoppokak.. (RCT) 9% 0.91 [0.06-14.0] no recov. 1/43 1/39 Prasoppokak.. (RCT) 9% 0.91 [0.06-14.0] no recov. 1/43 1/39 Zhang (RCT) 92% 0.08 [0.01-0.76] severe case 0/65 6/65 Zhang (RCT) 48% 0.52 [0.32-0.85] no recov. 65 (n) 65 (n) Zhang (RCT) 40% 0.60 [0.34-1.05] no recov. 65 (n) 65 (n) Zhang (RCT) 61% 0.39 [0.23-0.68] no recov. 65 (n) 65 (n) Zhang (RCT) 53% 0.47 [0.32-0.68] viral+ 65 (n) 65 (n) Tanwettiyanont -26% 1.26 [0.74-2.17] progression 37/351 22/254 Prempree 19% 0.81 [0.48-1.38] viral+ 13/30 16/30 OT​1​ Andrographolide COVID-19 outcomes c19early.org December 2025 ​1​ OT: comparison with other treatment Favors andrographolide Favors control
Fig. S1. All outcomes.
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Fig. S2. Comparison of results for RCTs versus observational studies. For COVID-19 treatments, there is no significant difference between the results of RCTs and observational studies. Observational studies do not systematically over or underestimate efficacy. For high-cost treatments, there is a non-significant trend towards RCTs showing greater efficacy.