Andrographis paniculata extract versus placebo in the treatment of COVID-19: a double-blinded randomized control trial

{ 'indexed': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 11, 25]], 'date-time': '2023-11-25T00:23:36Z', 'timestamp': 1700871816502}, 'reference-count': 20, 'publisher': 'Medknow', 'issue': '6', 'content-domain': {'domain': [], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'published-print': {'date-parts': [[2023]]}, 'abstract': '<jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Background and purpose:</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>\n' ' <jats:italic toggle="yes">Andrographis ' 'paniculata</jats:italic> (Burm.f.) Nees has been recommended to relieve symptoms and decrease ' 'the severity of COVID-19. The clinical study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of ' '<jats:italic toggle="yes">A. paniculata</jats:italic> ethanolic extract (APE).</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Experimental approach:</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>The efficacy and safety of APE in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic ' 'COVID-19 patients compared with placebo were investigated through a prospective, double-blind ' 'randomized control trial. Patients received APE containing 60 mg of andrographolide, three ' 'times a day for five days. WHO progression scale, COVID-19 symptoms, and global assessment ' 'evaluated the efficacy and adverse events, liver and renal functions were monitored for ' 'safety.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Findings/Results:</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>165 patients completed the study (83 patients in the APE group and 82 ' 'patients in the placebo group). The highest WHO progression scale was 4 and COVID-19 symptoms ' 'were significantly relieved on the last day of intervention in both groups, with no ' 'significant difference between groups. APE significantly relieved headache symptoms on day 1 ' 'and olfactory loss symptoms on day 2 compared to placebo. The global assessment showed that ' '80.7% of patients had total recovery after 5-day treatment with APE. Mild diarrhea was the ' 'most common side effect with a high dose that resolved within a few days. No hepatic or renal ' 'toxicity was associated with treatment.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:sec>\n' ' <jats:title>Conclusion and implications:</jats:title>\n' ' <jats:p>APE at 180 mg/day for 5 days did not reduce COVID-19 progression in ' 'asymptomatic or mildly afflicted COVID-19 patients, however, it shortened the symptoms of ' 'olfactory loss with no adverse effects over 5 days of use.</jats:p>\n' ' </jats:sec>', 'DOI': '10.4103/1735-5362.389947', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 11, 20]], 'date-time': '2023-11-20T10:12:19Z', 'timestamp': 1700475139000}, 'page': '592-603', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'Andrographis paniculata extract versus placebo in the treatment of COVID-19: a double-blinded ' 'randomized control trial', 'prefix': '10.4103', 'volume': '18', 'author': [ { 'given': 'Puritat', 'family': 'Kanokkangsadal', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of ' 'Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand'}, { 'name': 'Center of Excellence on Applied Thai Traditional Medicine ' 'Research (CEATMR), Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, ' 'Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand'}]}, { 'given': 'Chatchai', 'family': 'Mingmalairak', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat ' 'University, Pathumtani 12120, Thailand'}]}, { 'given': 'Nichamon', 'family': 'Mukkasombat', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of ' 'Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand'}, { 'name': 'Center of Excellence on Applied Thai Traditional Medicine ' 'Research (CEATMR), Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, ' 'Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand'}]}, { 'given': 'Pranporn', 'family': 'Kuropakornpong', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Center of Excellence on Applied Thai Traditional Medicine ' 'Research (CEATMR), Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, ' 'Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand'}]}, { 'given': 'Patsorn', 'family': 'Worawattananutai', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of ' 'Allied Health Science, Burapha University, Chonburi, 20131, ' 'Thailand'}]}, { 'given': 'Thana', 'family': 'Khawcharoenporn', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat ' 'University, Pathumtani 12120, Thailand'}]}, { 'given': 'Intouch', 'family': 'Sakpakdeejaroen', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of ' 'Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand'}]}, { 'given': 'Neal M.', 'family': 'Davies', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ' 'Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada'}]}, { 'given': 'Arunporn', 'family': 'Itharat', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of ' 'Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand'}, { 'name': 'Center of Excellence on Applied Thai Traditional Medicine ' 'Research (CEATMR), Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, ' 'Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand'}]}], 'member': '2581', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2023, 11, 23]]}, 'reference': [ { 'issue': '1', 'key': 'R1-20231124', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1', 'DOI': '10.1002/rmv.2146', 'article-title': 'Predictors of COVID-19 severity: a literature review', 'volume': '31', 'author': 'Gallo', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Rev Med Virol'}, { 'issue': '5', 'key': 'R2-20231124', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1378', 'DOI': '10.5114/aoms/152467', 'article-title': 'Perspective: repurposed drugs 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