Andrographis paniculata extract versus placebo in the treatment of COVID-19: a double-blinded randomized control trial
Arunporn Itharat, Puritat Kanokkangsadal, Chatchai Mingmalairak, Nichamon Mukkasombat, Pranporn Kuropakornpong, Patsorn Worawattananutai, Thana Khawcharoenporn, Intouch Sakpakdeejaroen, Neal M Davies
Background and purpose: Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees has been recommended to relieve symptoms and decrease the severity of COVID-19. The clinical study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of A. paniculata ethanolic extract (APE).
Experimental approach: The efficacy and safety of APE in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic COVID-19 patients compared with placebo were investigated through a prospective, double-blind randomized control trial. Patients received APE containing 60 mg of andrographolide, three times a day for five days. WHO progression scale, COVID-19 symptoms, and global assessment evaluated the efficacy and adverse events, liver and renal functions were monitored for safety. Findings/Results: 165 patients completed the study (83 patients in the APE group and 82 patients in the placebo group). The highest WHO progression scale was 4 and COVID-19 symptoms were significantly relieved on the last day of intervention in both groups, with no significant difference between groups. APE significantly relieved headache symptoms on day 1 and olfactory loss symptoms on day 2 compared to placebo. The global assessment showed that 80.7% of patients had total recovery after 5-day treatment with APE. Mild diarrhea was the most common side effect with a high dose that resolved within a few days. No hepatic or renal toxicity was associated with treatment. Conclusion and implications: APE at 180 mg/day for 5 days did not reduce COVID-19 progression in asymptomatic or mildly afflicted COVID-19 patients, however, it shortened the symptoms of olfactory loss with no adverse effects over 5 days of use.
The Andrographolide used for COVID -19 treatment The Andrographolide used for COVID-19 treatment
Conflicts of interest statement The authors declared no conflict of interest in this study.
Authors' contributions
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