Zinc supplementation and COVID-19 mortality: a meta-analysis

DOI record: { "DOI": "10.1186/s40001-022-00694-z", "ISSN": [ "2047-783X" ], "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40001-022-00694-z", "abstract": "<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Background and aims</jats:title>\n <jats:p>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the agent of a pneumonia outbreak and was called 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). COVID-19 emerged in December 2019 and now considered a pandemic. Zinc supplementation can reduce mortality in patients with severe pneumonia. This study aimed at meta-analysis of the results of related studies and evaluate the effect of zinc supplementation on COVID-19 mortality.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n <jats:p>A systematic search has conducted for manuscripts through PUBMED/Medline and Google Scholar (Cochrane guideline has considered it as the gray literature) up to September 2021. This meta-analysis followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) Guideline for evaluation of the effect zinc supplementation on COVID-19 mortality. Based on the heterogeneity a fixed-effect or random-effect model, the OR and 95% CI were used to assess the combined risk.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n <jats:p>After assessment, five studies with 1506 participants in case and control groups were included in meta-analysis. The OR for one study was not estimable, and the pool OR was estimated for other studies with 1398 participants. The meta-analysis showed that zinc supplementation in cases led to a significant lower risk of mortality when it was compared with the control group; pooled OR (95% CI) was 0.57 [0.43, 0.77] (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001).</jats:p>\n </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>\n <jats:p>This meta-analysis has suggested that zinc supplementation is associated with a lower mortality rate in COVID-19 patients. Zinc supplementation could be considered as a simple way and cost benefit approach for reduction of mortality in COVID-19 patients.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec>", "alternative-id": [ "694" ], "article-number": "70", "assertion": [ { "group": { "label": "Article History", "name": "ArticleHistory" }, "label": "Received", "name": "received", "order": 1, "value": "6 March 2022" }, { "group": { "label": "Article History", "name": "ArticleHistory" }, "label": "Accepted", "name": "accepted", "order": 2, "value": "29 April 2022" }, { "group": { "label": "Article History", "name": "ArticleHistory" }, "label": "First Online", "name": "first_online", "order": 3, "value": "23 May 2022" }, { "group": { "label": "Declarations", "name": "EthicsHeading" }, "name": "Ethics", "order": 1 }, { "group": { "label": "Ethics approval and consent to participate", "name": "EthicsHeading" }, "name": "Ethics", "order": 2, "value": "Not applicable." }, { "group": { "label": "Consent for publication", "name": "EthicsHeading" }, "name": "Ethics", "order": 3, "value": "The author consented to the publication of the manuscript in <i>European Journal of Medical Research</i>." }, { "group": { "label": "Competing interests", "name": "EthicsHeading" }, "name": "Ethics", "order": 4, "value": "The author has no conflict of interest to disclose." } ], "author": [ { "affiliation": [], "family": "Tabatabaeizadeh", "given": "Seyed-Amir", "sequence": "first" } ], "container-title": "European Journal of Medical Research", "container-title-short": "Eur J Med Res", "content-domain": { "crossmark-restriction": false, "domain": [ "link.springer.com" ] }, "created": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 5, 23 ] ], "date-time": "2022-05-23T03:44:22Z", "timestamp": 1653277462000 }, "deposited": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 5, 23 ] ], "date-time": "2022-05-23T03:45:34Z", "timestamp": 1653277534000 }, "indexed": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 5, 23 ] ], "date-time": "2022-05-23T04:10:57Z", "timestamp": 1653279057118 }, "is-referenced-by-count": 0, "issue": "1", "issued": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 5, 23 ] ] }, "journal-issue": { "issue": "1", "published-print": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 12 ] ] } }, "language": "en", "license": [ { "URL": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0", "content-version": "tdm", "delay-in-days": 0, "start": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 5, 23 ] ], "date-time": "2022-05-23T00:00:00Z", "timestamp": 1653264000000 } }, { "URL": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0", "content-version": "vor", "delay-in-days": 0, "start": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 5, 23 ] ], "date-time": "2022-05-23T00:00:00Z", "timestamp": 1653264000000 } } ], "link": [ { "URL": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40001-022-00694-z.pdf", "content-type": "application/pdf", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "text-mining" }, { "URL": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40001-022-00694-z/fulltext.html", "content-type": "text/html", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "text-mining" }, { "URL": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40001-022-00694-z.pdf", "content-type": "application/pdf", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "similarity-checking" } ], "member": "297", "original-title": [], "prefix": "10.1186", "published": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 5, 23 ] ] }, "published-online": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 5, 23 ] ] }, "published-print": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 12 ] ] }, "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC", "reference": [ { "DOI": "10.1186/s40001-020-00475-6", "author": "S-A Tabatabaeizadeh", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "first-page": "1", "issue": "1", "journal-title": "Eur J Med Res", "key": "694_CR1", "unstructured": "Tabatabaeizadeh S-A. 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