A descriptive analysis of drug related problems identified when prescribing the COVID-19 antiviral drug Paxlovid®

{ 'institution': [{'name': 'Research Square'}], 'indexed': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 10, 18]], 'date-time': '2024-10-18T04:32:55Z', 'timestamp': 1729225975860, 'version': '3.27.0'}, 'posted': {'date-parts': [[2024, 10, 17]]}, 'group-title': 'In Review', 'reference-count': 24, 'publisher': 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 10, 17]], 'date-time': '2024-10-17T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1729123200000}, 'content-version': 'unspecified', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': [], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'accepted': {'date-parts': [[2024, 8, 25]]}, 'abstract': '<title>Abstract</title>\n' ' <p><bold>Background</bold>\n' 'Paxlovid® is the only licensed oral COVID −\u200919 antiviral containing nirmatrelvir and ' 'ritonavir. Ritonavir is a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 enzymes resulting in clinically ' 'significant drug-drug interactions (DDIs).\n' '<bold>Aim</bold>\n' 'To describe the frequency, type, and severity of detected drug related problems (DRPs) with ' 'Paxlovid®\n' '<bold>Method</bold>\n' 'This study involved a retrospective, quantitative data analysis. All patients prescribed ' 'Paxlovid® in a public hospital in Vienna, were included. Data was collected from the ' 'patients’ records and recorded on a customised and piloted data collection form. Any DRPs ' 'were also noted. The severity of DDIs was classified using an established checker tool.\n' '<bold>Results</bold>\n' '122 of 140 (87.1%) patients required interventions to prevent DRPs; 63.6% of cases required ' 'intervention by the pharmacist at dispensing. The most common DRPs were DDIs (57.1%). In ' '24.3% of cases both renal impairment and DDIs were noted. 313 DDIs were recorded in 114 ' 'patients; in 24 patients, the interactions recorded were severe. In 3 patients (2.1%), ' 'Paxlovid® was prescribed despite being contraindicated due to severe renal impairment ' 'requiring pharmacist intervention.\n' '<bold>Conclusion</bold>\n' 'This study demonstrated that numerous DRPs involving Paxlovid® were identified by the ' 'pharmacist following prescribing. Pharmacists’ involvement in prescribing highly interacting ' 'drugs such as Paxlovid® is beneficial to enhance patient safety.</p>', 'DOI': '10.21203/rs.3.rs-4973191/v1', 'type': 'posted-content', 'created': { 'date-parts': [[2024, 10, 17]], 'date-time': '2024-10-17T17:37:28Z', 'timestamp': 1729186648000}, 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'A descriptive analysis of drug related problems identified when prescribing the COVID-19 ' 'antiviral drug Paxlovid®', 'prefix': '10.21203', 'author': [ { 'given': 'Alina', 'family': 'Stoiber', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Robert Gordon University Garthdee Campus: Robert Gordon ' 'University'}]}, { 'given': 'Gwen', 'family': 'Gray', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Robert Gordon University Garthdee Campus: Robert Gordon ' 'University'}]}, { 'given': 'Gudrun', 'family': 'Sailer', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Vienna Healthcare Group - Campus Ottakring Hospital: Schule fur ' 'Gesundheits -und Krankenpflege'}]}, { 'given': 'Wolfgang', 'family': 'Huf', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Institute for clinical risk management'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2659-6901', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Antonella', 'family': 'Tonna', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Robert Gordon University'}]}], 'member': '297', 'reference': [ { 'key': 'ref1', 'unstructured': 'Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 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