Serum Vitamin D Concentrations and Covid-19 In Pregnant Women, Does Vitamin D Supplementation Impact Results? A Comprehensive Study
Mustafa Şengül, Halime Şen Selim, Serhat Şen, Huriye Erbak Yilmaz
Cukurova Anestezi ve Cerrahi Bilimler Dergisi, doi:10.36516/jocass.1185181
Aim: Low vitamin D levels were related to an increased risk of upper respiratory tract infection and pneumonia. Vitamin D might therefore protect against symptoms of the Covid 19. The present study aims to evaluate the relationship between the acquisition and course of Covid 19 and serum vitamin D levels and investigate the prophylactic efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 318 pregnant women admitted to our tertiary clinic to give birth between March 2020 and December 2021. All cases were tested for Covid 19 via nasopharyngeal swab. Fifty-four patients with positive PCR for SARS-CoV-2 (Group 1) were matched with 264 consecutive healthy controls (Group 2). 25 OH D Vitamin levels were measured and compared between the two groups, along with the frequency of vitamin D supplementation. Results: Group 1 showed significantly low mean 25 OH D levels, compared to Group 2 (10,22 ± 7,10 (3-37) ng/ml vs. 16,63 ± 10,80 (3,40-48,90) ng/ml, p = 0,000). Sixteen point seven % of controls and 3,7% of cases had normal Vitamin D levels (>30 ng/mL); the difference was also statistically significant (p=0,005). The frequency of vitamin D supplementation was also detected higher in controls than those with positive SARS-CoV-2 (35,6% vs. 14,8%, p=0,003). Conclusions: Sustaining adequate levels of Vitamin D may positively impact protection against Covid 19 during pregnancy. In this context, Vitamin D supplementation should be considered for the pregnant population, particularly in settings where profound vitamin D deficiency is common.
Author contributions All authors read and approved the final manuscript. M. Sengül: Project development, Data Collection, data analyzing Manuscript writing H. Sen Selim: Data collection, data analyzing, manuscript writing S. Sen: Data analyzing, manuscript writing H.Erbak Yılmaz: Data Collection K.Kurt: Project development
Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Ethical approval Informed consent was obtained from pregnant women both for herself and the newborn. This study was approved by the ethical committee with date 21.09.2021 and number 408 of Izmir Katip Celebi Univesity, Faculty of Medicine and the Turkish Ministry of Health.
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'abstract': '<jats:p xml:lang="en">Aim: Low vitamin D levels were related to an increased risk of upper '
'respiratory tract infection and pneumonia. Vitamin D might therefore protect against symptoms '
'of the Covid 19. The present study aims to evaluate the relationship between the acquisition '
'and course of Covid 19 and serum vitamin D levels and investigate the prophylactic efficacy '
'of vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women.
\n'
'Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 318 pregnant women admitted '
'to our tertiary clinic to give birth between March 2020 and December 2021. All cases were '
'tested for Covid 19 via nasopharyngeal swab. Fifty-four patients with positive PCR for '
'SARS-CoV-2 (Group 1) were matched with 264 consecutive healthy controls (Group 2). 25 OH D '
'Vitamin levels were measured and compared between the two groups, along with the frequency of '
'vitamin D supplementation. 
\n'
'Results: Group 1 showed significantly low mean 25 OH D levels, compared to Group 2 (10,22 ± '
'7,10 (3-37)ng/ml vs. 16,63 ± 10,80 (3,40-48,90)ng/ml, p = 0,000). Sixteen point seven % of '
'controls and 3,7% of cases had normal Vitamin D levels (>30 ng/mL); the difference was '
'also statistically significant (p=0,005). The frequency of vitamin D supplementation was also '
'detected higher in controls than those with positive SARS-CoV-2 (35,6% vs. 14,8%, '
'p=0,003).
\n'
'Conclusions: Sustaining adequate levels of Vitamin D may positively impact protection against '
'Covid 19 during pregnancy. In this context, Vitamin D supplementation should be considered '
'for the pregnant population, particularly in settings where profound vitamin D deficiency is '
'common.</jats:p>',
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