A Triple-blind randomized controlled trial on the effects of turmeric versus ginger on inflammatory biomarkers in patients with COVID-19
Zahra Saleh, Mohammad Reza Asgari, Raheb Ghorbani, Hassan Babamohamadi
Scientific Reports, doi:10.1038/s41598-025-16092-4
Inflammation and immune mediators exacerbate COVID-19; turmeric and ginger possess antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties that may mitigate this response. This study compared the effects of turmeric and ginger on inflammatory markers in patients with COVID-19. This triple-blind randomized clinical trial enrolled 144 COVID-19 outpatients at Kowsar Hospital (Semnan, Iran) in 2021. Participants were randomly allocated to group C (turmeric), group G (ginger), or group P (placebo) using blocked randomization and consumed three 500 mg tablets daily for five days (15 tablets total). Inflammatory markers-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)-were measured at baseline and on day 6. LDH and WBC levels did not differ significantly among groups (p = 0.349 and p = 0.663, respectively). Changes in CRP and ESR varied significantly across groups (p < 0.001), with greater reductions observed in the turmeric and ginger groups compared to the placebo group (p < 0.001), and no difference between the turmeric and ginger groups (CRP: p = 0.263; ESR: p > 0.99). Turmeric and ginger exerted equivalent anti-inflammatory effects; therefore, either agent may serve as a complementary therapy alongside standard treatment to reduce CRP and ESR in COVID-19 outpatients. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, Trial No IRCT20120109008665N14. Registered 31/08/2021.
Author contributions ZS, MRA, and HB conceived and designed the study. ZS and HB collected, input, and checked the data. RG analyzed the data. ZS and HB draft the manuscript. HB and MRA revised the manuscript, and HB submitted the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate Under the guidance of principles of the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki, it was taken into the first consideration to respect participants' rights and to protect their health and rights. The Ethics Committee of Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran, approved this study (code: IR.SEMUMS. REC.1400.105). Participants were provided with information about data confidentiality, voluntary participation, and their freedom to withdraw from the study. Then, written informed consent for participation was obtained from all of them.
Consent for publication Not applicable.
Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests.
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