Supplementary Data — Niclosamide reduces COVID-19 risk: real-time meta-analysis of 7 studies

@CovidAnalysis, October 2026, Version 7V7 (V1 2024)

.fp--anim .fp__study,.fp--anim .fp__sum,.fp--anim .fp__het,.fp--anim .fp__dia,.fp--anim .fp__verdict,.fp--anim .fp__pooled{opacity:1}.fp--anim .fp__ci{transform:none}.fp--anim .fp__pt{transform:translate(-50%,-50%)}.fp--anim .fp__plot::before{opacity:var(--shade-opacity)}.fp--anim-settle .fp__pt{left:calc(min(var(--pt),var(--max))/var(--max)*100%)}.fp--anim-settle .fp__ci,.fp--anim-settle .fp__dia{left:calc(var(--lo)/var(--max)*100%);width:calc((var(--hi) - var(--lo))/var(--max)*100%)}

October 2026

Niclosamide COVID-19 outcomes

StudyImprovementRR · 95% CIOutcomeTreatmentControlRelative Risk

Cairns (DB RCT)66%0.34 · 0.01–7.98severe case0/331/34 Cairns (DB RCT)18%0.82 · 0.58–1.17recov. time33 (n)34 (n) Cairns (DB RCT)24%0.76 · 0.41–1.39viral+11/3315/34 Siripongbo.. (RCT)0%1.00 · 0.07–15.26progression1/301/30FINCOVCT¹ Siripongbo.. (RCT)67%0.33 · 0.01–7.87progression0/301/30FINCOVCT¹ Siripongbo.. (RCT)39%0.61 · 0.28–1.29symp. score30 (n)30 (n)FINCOVCT¹ Siripongbo.. (RCT)70%0.30 · 0.09–0.99symp. score30 (n)30 (n)FINCOVCT¹ Siripongbo.. (RCT)14%0.86 · 0.61–1.20symp. score30 (n)30 (n)FINCOVCT¹ Siripongbo.. (RCT)67%0.33 · 0.03–4.37symp. score30 (n)30 (n)FINCOVCT¹ Siripongbo.. (RCT)50%0.50 · 0.13–1.95symp. score30 (n)30 (n)FINCOVCT¹ Siripongbo.. (RCT)6%0.94 · 0.65–1.35viral+30 (n)30 (n)FINCOVCT¹ Kim (DB RCT)29%0.71 · 0.55–0.92recov. time99 (n)98 (n) Kim (DB RCT)33%0.67 · 0.46–0.97recov. time99 (n)98 (n) Kim (DB RCT)25%0.75 · 0.53–1.07recov. time96 (n)98 (n) Kim (DB RCT)4%0.96 · 0.71–1.30recov. time99 (n)98 (n) Kim (DB RCT)22%0.78 · 0.50–1.22recov. time99 (n)98 (n) Kim (DB RCT)−7%1.07 · 0.80–1.44recov. time96 (n)98 (n) Kim (DB RCT)56%0.44 · 0.14–1.39viral load99 (n)98 (n) Kim (DB RCT)26%0.74 · 0.10–5.35viral load99 (n)98 (n) Kim (DB RCT)66%0.34 · 0.08–1.39viral load96 (n)98 (n) Abdulamir (RCT)0%1.00 · 0.21–4.80death3/753/75 Abdulamir (RCT)39%0.61 · 0.43–0.87no recov.75 (n)75 (n) First Wa.. (DB RCT)23%0.77 · 0.33–1.82viral+8/6010/58RESERVOIR First Wa.. (DB RCT)33%0.67 · 0.31–1.44viral+9/6013/58RESERVOIR First Wa.. (DB RCT)42%0.58 · 0.28–1.22viral+9/6015/58RESERVOIR First Wa.. (DB RCT)28%0.72 · 0.38–1.40viral+12/6016/58RESERVOIR First Wa.. (DB RCT)23%0.77 · 0.49–1.23viral+20/6025/58RESERVOIR First Wa.. (DB RCT)1%0.99 · 0.76–1.29viral+39/6038/58RESERVOIR First Wa.. (DB RCT)−3%1.03 · 0.88–1.19viral+52/6049/58RESERVOIR Rank (DB RCT)30%0.70 · 0.13–3.78death2/223/23 Rank (DB RCT)70%0.30 · 0.00–918793479862327328112640recov. time23 (n)23 (n) Rank (DB RCT)−6%1.06 · 0.46–2.47recov. time23 (n)23 (n) Rank (DB RCT)57%0.43 · 0.00–362243515906628321280no disch.23 (n)23 (n) Rank (DB RCT)0%1.00 · 0.90–1.11viral time23 (n)23 (n) Humphrey (DB RCT)0%1.00 · 0.14–7.07death2/8262/825PROTECT-V Humphrey (DB RCT)80%0.20 · 0.01–4.16ventilation0/8262/825PROTECT-V Humphrey (DB RCT)13%0.87 · 0.41–1.81hosp.13/82615/825PROTECT-V Humphrey (DB RCT)−2%1.02 · 0.79–1.32symp. case103/826133/825PROTECT-V

00.511.52+

¹ CT: study uses combined treatment

Rotate screen for more detailsIncrease width for more details

← Niclosamide
reduces riskNiclosamide
increases risk →

Fig. S1. All outcomes.