The Role of Nutrition in COVID-19: Taking a Lesson from the 1918 H1N1 Pandemic

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2022, 5, 2]], 'date-time': '2022-05-02T13:10:44Z', 'timestamp': 1651497044846}, 'reference-count': 16, 'publisher': 'SAGE Publications', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2022, 5, 2]], 'date-time': '2022-05-02T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1651449600000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'http://journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license'}], 'funder': [ { 'DOI': '10.13039/100016441', 'name': 'Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': ['journals.sagepub.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': True}, 'abstract': '<jats:p> In looking for solutions to the COVID-19 pandemic, important lessons come from the ' 'H1N1 influenza pandemic of 1918–1919. During the H1N1 influenza pandemic, the soldiers had ' 'better outcomes than the civilian populations, but the best outcomes were reported by a ' 'Seventh-day Adventist seminary, where a plant-based diet was provided. The diet has been ' 'described as including grains, fruits, nuts, and vegetables. A few clinical trials have also ' 'assessed the role of nutrition in COVID-19. One study with almost six hundred thousand ' 'participants showed that those with a high consumption of fruits and vegetables had a reduced ' 'risk of COVID-19 of any severity by 9% and a reduced risk of severe COVID-19 by 41%. Another ' 'study in healthcare workers who were frequently exposed to COVID-19 in their clinical ' 'practice has demonstrated that those who reported being on a plant-based diet had a 73% lower ' 'risk of moderate-to-severe COVID-19. Based on the lessons from 1918 and the recent nutrition ' 'research in COVID-19, it seems plausible that a healthful plant-based diet may be a powerful ' 'tool to decrease the risk of severe COVID-19 and should be promoted as one of the public ' 'health safety measures. </jats:p>', 'DOI': '10.1177/15598276221097621', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2022, 5, 2]], 'date-time': '2022-05-02T12:32:23Z', 'timestamp': 1651494743000}, 'page': '155982762210976', 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/sage-journals-update-policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'The Role of Nutrition in COVID-19: Taking a Lesson from the 1918 H1N1 Pandemic', 'prefix': '10.1177', 'author': [ { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0491-3993', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Hana', 'family': 'Kahleova', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, ' 'USA'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1635-3532', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Neal D.', 'family': 'Barnard', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, ' 'USA; George Washington University School of Medicine and Health ' 'Sciences, Washington, DC, USA'}]}], 'member': '179', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2022, 5, 2]]}, 'reference': [ { 'key': 'bibr1-15598276221097621', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30484-9'}, { 'issue': '3', 'key': 'bibr2-15598276221097621', 'first-page': '82', 'volume': '125', 'author': 'Byerly CR', 'year': '2010', 'journal-title': 'Public Health Rep'}, { 'key': 'bibr3-15598276221097621', 'volume-title': 'How the Horrific 1918 Flu Spread Across America', 'author': 'Magazine S'}, { 'key': 'bibr4-15598276221097621', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1353/bhm.2002.0022'}, { 'issue': '5', 'key': 'bibr5-15598276221097621', 'first-page': '114', 'volume': '34', 'author': 'Ruble WA', 'year': '1919', 'journal-title': 'Life & Health'}, { 'key': 'bibr6-15598276221097621', 'volume-title': 'Seminary Cinches Flu. Hutchinson Institution Makes a Record Combatting ' 'Disease. 120 Exposed, 90 Pateints, No Deaths, None Very Sick', 'author': 'Neilsen NP', 'year': '1918'}, { 'key': 'bibr7-15598276221097621', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1136/gutjnl-2021-325353'}, { 'key': 'bibr8-15598276221097621', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1136/bmjnph-2021-000272'}, { 'key': 'bibr9-15598276221097621', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.3945/ajcn.112.039057'}, { 'key': 'bibr10-15598276221097621', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.3945/ajcn.2008.27131'}, { 'key': 'bibr11-15598276221097621', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1007/s000180050352'}, { 'key': 'bibr12-15598276221097621', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1128/JVI.73.10.8880-8883.1999'}, { 'key': 'bibr13-15598276221097621', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1128/JVI.79.3.1966-1969.2005'}, { 'issue': '3', 'key': 'bibr14-15598276221097621', 'first-page': '212', 'volume': '64', 'author': 'Hunt C', 'year': '1994', 'journal-title': 'Int J Vitam Nutr Res'}, { 'key': 'bibr15-15598276221097621', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.3390/nu9111211'}, { 'key': 'bibr16-15598276221097621', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.08.010'}], 'container-title': 'American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine', 'original-title': [], 'language': 'en', 'link': [ { 'URL': 'http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/15598276221097621', 'content-type': 'application/pdf', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}, { 'URL': 'http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1177/15598276221097621', 'content-type': 'application/xml', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'text-mining'}, { 'URL': 'http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/15598276221097621', 'content-type': 'unspecified', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'similarity-checking'}], 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2022, 5, 2]], 'date-time': '2022-05-02T12:32:30Z', 'timestamp': 1651494750000}, 'score': 1, 'resource': {'primary': {'URL': 'http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/15598276221097621'}}, 'subtitle': [], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2022, 5, 2]]}, 'references-count': 16, 'alternative-id': ['10.1177/15598276221097621'], 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15598276221097621', 'relation': {}, 'ISSN': ['1559-8276', '1559-8284'], 'subject': [ 'Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health', 'Health Policy', 'Medicine (miscellaneous)'], 'container-title-short': 'American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine', 'published': {'date-parts': [[2022, 5, 2]]}}