The Impact of GLP-1 RAs and DPP-4is on Hospitalisation and Mortality in the COVID-19 Era: A Two-Year Observational Study

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2023, 8, 19]], 'date-time': '2023-08-19T04:54:12Z', 'timestamp': 1692420852537}, 'reference-count': 67, 'publisher': 'MDPI AG', 'issue': '8', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 8, 18]], 'date-time': '2023-08-18T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1692316800000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': [], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'abstract': '<jats:p>Novel antidiabetic drugs have the ability to produce anti-inflammatory effects ' 'regardless of their glucose-lowering action. For this reason, these molecules (including ' 'GLP-1 RAs and DPP-4is) were hypothesized to be effective against COVID-19, which is ' 'characterized by cytokines hyperactivity and multiorgan inflammation. The aim of our work is ' 'to explore the potential protective role of GLP-1 RAs and DPP-4is in COVID-19 (with the ' 'disease intended to be a model of an acute stressor) and non-COVID-19 patients over a ' 'two-year observation period. Retrospective and one-versus-one analyses were conducted to ' 'assess the impact of antidiabetic drugs on the need for hospitalization (in both COVID-19- ' 'and non-COVID-19-related cases), in-hospital mortality, and two-year mortality. Logistic ' 'regression analyses were conducted to identify the variables associated with these outcomes. ' 'Additionally, log-rank tests were used to plot survival curves for each group of subjects, ' 'based on their antidiabetic treatment. The performed analyses revealed that despite similar ' 'hospitalization rates, subjects undergoing home therapy with GLP-1 RAs exhibited ' 'significantly lower mortality rates, even over a two-year period. These individuals ' 'demonstrated improved survival estimates both within hospital and non-hospital settings, even ' 'during a longer observation period.</jats:p>', 'DOI': '10.3390/biomedicines11082292', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2023, 8, 18]], 'date-time': '2023-08-18T14:14:38Z', 'timestamp': 1692368078000}, 'page': '2292', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'The Impact of GLP-1 RAs and DPP-4is on Hospitalisation and Mortality in the COVID-19 Era: A ' 'Two-Year Observational Study', 'prefix': '10.3390', 'volume': '11', 'author': [ { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7334-0135', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Salvatore', 'family': 'Greco', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via ' 'Luigi Borsari, 46, I-44121 Ferrara, FE, Italy'}, { 'name': 'Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale del Delta, Via Valle ' 'Oppio, 2, I-44023 Lagosanto, FE, Italy'}]}, { 'given': 'Vincenzo M.', 'family': 'Monda', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Primary Care Department, Diabetes Unit of “SS. Annunziata” ' 'Hospital, Via Giovanni Vicini 2, I-44042 Cento, FE, Italy'}]}, { 'given': 'Giorgia', 'family': 'Valpiani', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Research and Innovation Section, University Hospital of Ferrara ' 'Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via Aldo Moro 8, I-44124 Cona, FE, ' 'Italy'}]}, { 'given': 'Nicola', 'family': 'Napoli', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Programming and Management Control Unit, University Hospital of ' 'Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via Aldo Moro 8, I-44124 Cona, ' 'FE, Italy'}]}, { 'given': 'Carlo', 'family': 'Crespini', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Pharmaceutical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara ' 'Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via Aldo Moro 8, I-44124 Cona, FE, ' 'Italy'}]}, { 'given': 'Fabio', 'family': 'Pieraccini', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Pharmaceutical Care Department, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale ' 'della Romagna, Via Carlo Forlanini 34, I-47121 Forlì, FC, ' 'Italy'}]}, { 'given': 'Anna', 'family': 'Marra', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Pharmaceutical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara ' 'Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via Aldo Moro 8, I-44124 Cona, FE, ' 'Italy'}]}, { 'given': 'Angelina', 'family': 'Passaro', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via ' 'Luigi Borsari, 46, I-44121 Ferrara, FE, Italy'}, { 'name': 'Research and Innovation Section, University Hospital of Ferrara ' 'Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via Aldo Moro 8, I-44124 Cona, FE, Italy'}, { 'name': 'Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Ferrara ' 'Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via Aldo Moro 8, I-44124 Cona, FE, ' 'Italy'}]}], 'member': '1968', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2023, 8, 18]]}, 'reference': [ { 'key': 'ref_1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '25', 'DOI': '10.1177/2047487319878371', 'article-title': 'Diabetes as a cardiovascular risk factor: An overview of global trends ' 'of macro and micro vascular complications', 'volume': '26', 'author': 'Ceriello', 'year': '2019', 'journal-title': 'Eur. 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