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Response to Intravenous N-Acetylcysteine Supplementation in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19

Gamarra-Morales et al., Nutrients, doi:10.3390/nu15092235
May 2023  
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Mortality 16% Improvement Relative Risk N-acetylcysteine  Gamarra-Morales et al.  ICU PATIENTS  RCT Is very late treatment with N-acetylcysteine beneficial for COVID-19? RCT 140 patients in Spain (March - June 2020) Lower mortality with N-acetylcysteine (not stat. sig., p=0.49) c19early.org Gamarra-Morales et al., Nutrients, May 2023 FavorsN-acetylcysteine Favorscontrol 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+
14th treatment shown to reduce risk in February 2021, now with p = 0.000028 from 24 studies, recognized in 3 countries.
Lower risk for mortality, hospitalization, and cases.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments.
5,100+ studies for 110 treatments. c19early.org
RCT 140 ICU patients in Spain, 72 treated with N-acetylcysteine (NAC). NAC patients showed improved PaO2/FiO2, CRP, D-dimer, and LDH, and there were associations between glutathione and clinical outcomes and severity biomarkers in NAC-treated patients. There was no significant difference in mortality.
risk of death, 15.7% lower, RR 0.84, p = 0.49, treatment 25 of 72 (34.7%), control 28 of 68 (41.2%), NNT 15.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Gamarra-Morales et al., 8 May 2023, Randomized Controlled Trial, Spain, peer-reviewed, 8 authors, study period 1 March, 2020 - 1 June, 2020. Contact: jennifer_gamo@hotmail.com (corresponding author), jorge.molina@ddi.uhu.es.
This PaperN-acetylcys..All
Response to Intravenous N-Acetylcysteine Supplementation in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19
Yenifer Gamarra-Morales, Lourdes Herrera-Quintana, Jorge Molina-López, Héctor Vázquez-Lorente, Juan Francisco Machado-Casas, José Castaño-Pérez, José Miguel Pérez-Villares, Elena Planells
Nutrients, doi:10.3390/nu15092235
Administering N-acetylcysteine (NAC) could counteract the effect of free radicals, improving the clinical evolution of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). This study aimed to investigate the clinical and biochemical effects of administering NAC to critically ill patients with COVID-19. A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on ICU patients (n = 140) with COVID-19 and divided into two groups: patients treated with NAC (NAC-treated group) and patients without NAC treatment (control group). NAC was administered as a continuous infusion with a loading dose and a maintenance dose during the study period (from admission until the third day of ICU stay). NAC-treated patients showed higher PaO 2 /FiO 2 (p ≤ 0.014) after 3 days in ICU than their control group counterparts. Moreover, C-reactive protein (p ≤ 0.001), D-dimer (p ≤ 0.042), and lactate dehydrogenase (p ≤ 0.001) levels decreased on the third day in NAC-treated patients. Glutathione concentrations decreased in both NAC-treated (p ≤ 0.004) and control (p ≤ 0.047) groups after 3 days in ICU; whereas glutathione peroxidase did not change during the ICU stay. The administration of NAC manages to improve the clinical and analytical response of seriously ill patients with COVID-19 compared to the control group. NAC is able to stop the decrease in glutathione concentrations.
Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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Late treatment
is less effective
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