Low Zinc Levels at Admission Associates with Poor Clinical Outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Vogel-González et al.,
Low Zinc Levels at Admission Associates with Poor Clinical Outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 Infection,
Nutrients, doi:10.3390/nu13020562 (date from earlier preprint)
Retrospective 249 PCR+ hospitalized patients in Spain, 58 with zinc levels on admission <50 μg/dL, showing higher mortality and ICU admission, and slower recovery with low zinc levels.
risk of death, 77.2% lower, RR 0.23, p < 0.001, high zinc levels 9 of 191 (4.7%), low zinc levels 12 of 58 (20.7%), NNT 6.3, ≥50 μg/dL.
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risk of ICU admission, 71.3% lower, RR 0.29, p < 0.001, high zinc levels 34 of 191 (17.8%), low zinc levels 36 of 58 (62.1%), NNT 2.3, ≥50 μg/dL.
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recovery time, 68.0% lower, relative time 0.32, p < 0.001, high zinc levels 191, low zinc levels 58, ≥50 μg/dL.
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Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
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Vogel-González et al., 11 Oct 2020, retrospective, Spain, peer-reviewed, 16 authors.
Abstract: nutrients
Article
Low Zinc Levels at Admission Associates with Poor Clinical
Outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Marina Vogel-González 1,† , Marc Talló-Parra 2,† , Víctor Herrera-Fernández 1 , Gemma Pérez-Vilaró 2 ,
Miguel Chillón 3,4,5 , Xavier Nogués 6 , Silvia Gómez-Zorrilla 7 , Inmaculada López-Montesinos 7 ,
Isabel Arnau-Barrés 7 , Maria Luisa Sorli-Redó 7 , Juan Pablo Horcajada 7 , Natalia García-Giralt 6 ,
Julio Pascual 8 , Juana Díez 2,‡ , Rubén Vicente 1,‡ and Robert Güerri-Fernández 7, *,‡
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Citation: Vogel-González, M.;
Talló-Parra, M.; Herrera-Fernández,
V.; Pérez-Vilaró, G.; Chillón, M.;
Nogués, X.; Gómez-Zorrilla, S.;
*
†
‡
Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu
Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; marina.vogel@upf.edu (M.V.-G.); victor.herrera01@estudiant.upf.edu (V.H.-F.);
ruben.vicente@upf.edu (R.V.)
Molecular Virology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra,
08003 Barcelona, Spain; marc.tallo@upf.edu (M.T.-P.); gemma.perez@upf.edu (G.P.-V.);
juana.diez@upf.edu (J.D.)
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Neurosciences, Edifici H,
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; Miguel.Chillon@uab.cat
Unitat Mixta UAB-VHIR, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
Institut Català de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital del Mar, Institut Mar d’Investigacions Mediques,
08003 Barcelona, Spain; xnogues@psmar.cat (X.N.); ngarcia@imim.es (N.G.-G.)
Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital del Mar, Institut Mar d’Investigacions Mediques,
08003 Barcelona, Spain; SGomezZorrilla@parcdesalutmar.cat (S.G.-Z.); ilopezmontesinos@psmar.cat (I.L.-M.);
iarnau@psmar.cat (I.A.-B.); lsorli@psmar.cat (M.L.S.-R.); jhorcajada@psmar.cat (J.P.H.)
Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Institut Mar d’Investigacions Mediques,
Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; JPascualSantos@parcdesalutmar.cat
Correspondence: rguerri@psmar.cat; Tel.: +34-932-483-251; Fax: +34-932-483-249
Both authors contributed equally to the work.
J.D., R.V. and R.G.-F. are joint senior authors in this work.
López-Montesinos, I.; Arnau-Barrés,
I.; Sorli-Redó, M.L.; et al. Low Zinc
Levels at Admission Associates with
Poor Clinical Outcomes in
SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Nutrients 2021,
13, 562. https://doi.org/10.3390/
nu13020562
Received: 8 January 2021
Accepted: 30 January 2021
Published: 9 February 2021
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Copyright: © 2021 by the authors.
Abstract: Background: Zinc is an essential micronutrient that impacts host–pathogen interplay at
infection. Zinc balances immune responses, and also has a proven direct antiviral action against
some viruses. Importantly, zinc deficiency (ZD) is a common condition in elderly and individuals
with chronic diseases, two groups with an increased risk for severe severe coronavirus disease
2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. We hypothesize that serum zinc content (SZC) influences COVID-19
disease progression, and thus might represent a useful biomarker. Methods: We ran an observational
cohort study with 249 COVID-19 patients admitted in Hospital del Mar. We have studied COVID-19
severity and progression attending to SZC at admission. In parallel, we..
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