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Association Between the Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and Severe Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Observational Study

Pinto et al., Cureus, doi:10.7759/cureus.72385
Oct 2024  
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Hospitalization -57% Improvement Relative Risk Proton Pump Inhibitors  Pinto et al.  Prophylaxis Is prophylaxis with proton pump inhibitors beneficial for COVID-19? Retrospective 518 patients in Oman (March - November 2020) Higher hospitalization with proton pump inhibitors (not stat. sig., p=0.15) c19early.org Pinto et al., Cureus, October 2024 FavorsPPIs Favorscontrol 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+
PPIs for COVID-19
1st treatment shown to increase risk in September 2020, now with p = 0.000000048 from 40 studies.
5,300+ studies for 116 treatments. c19early.org
Retrospective 506 outpatients in Oman showing no significant association between proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and COVID-19 hospitalization in unadjusted results.
This study is excluded in the after exclusion results of meta analysis: unadjusted results with significant baseline differences.
risk of hospitalization, 57.1% higher, RR 1.57, p = 0.15, treatment 15 of 104 (14.4%), control 38 of 414 (9.2%).
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Pinto et al., 25 Oct 2024, retrospective, Oman, peer-reviewed, mean age 44.0, 4 authors, study period 15 March, 2020 - 15 November, 2020. Contact: norahsp.89@gmail.com.
This PaperPPIsAll
Association Between the Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and Severe Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Observational Study
Sharon Pinto, Hadia Al Lawati, Marwa Al Raisi, Balqees Al Maawali
Cureus, doi:10.7759/cureus.72385
Background Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) increase the risk of pneumonia secondary to PPI-induced hypochlorhydria. We aim to investigate the association between PPI and disease severity in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-positive patients and the risk of hospitalizations in Muscat, Oman. Methodology COVID-19-positive patients aged 18 years and above at the time of diagnosis were included in this retrospective observational study. The details of the patients were retrieved from the electronic health records of the Al Shifa Hospital Information Management System and Tarassud. The composite primary endpoint was COVID-19 admission to a government tertiary hospital ward or intensive care within 14 days of diagnosis. Results A total of 506 COVID-19-positive patients were identified during the specified period. The mean age was 44 ± 15 years. The majority of the patients were Omani, and a female preponderance was observed. Overall, 104 (20.4%) patients were current PPI users. Admission due to COVID-19 was significantly associated with the presence of comorbid conditions such as diabetes mellitus (p = 0.001), hypertension (p = 0.001), and chronic kidney disease (p < 0.001). However, current PPI use (p = 0.140) was not significantly associated with an increased risk of hospitalization. Conclusions This data suggests that the use of PPIs during COVID-19 infection did not increase the risk of severe COVID-19 infection and poor outcomes leading to hospitalization in Muscat, Oman. However, the presence of other medical comorbidities, such as diabetes and hypertension, was associated with a higher risk of adverse clinical symptoms that resulted in hospitalization.
Additional Information Author Contributions All authors have reviewed the final version to be published and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work. Concept and design:
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