Antidepressant drug prescription and incidence of COVID-19 in mental health outpatients: a retrospective cohort study

DOI record: { "DOI": "10.1186/s12916-023-02877-9", "ISSN": [ "1741-7015" ], "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12916-023-02877-9", "abstract": "<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Background</jats:title>\n <jats:p>Currently, the main pharmaceutical intervention for COVID-19 is vaccination. While antidepressant (AD) drugs have shown some efficacy in treatment of symptomatic COVID-19, their preventative potential remains largely unexplored. Analysis of association between prescription of ADs and COVID-19 incidence in the population would be beneficial for assessing the utility of ADs in COVID-19 prevention.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n <jats:p>Retrospective study of association between AD prescription and COVID-19 diagnosis was performed in a cohort of community-dwelling adult mental health outpatients during the 1st wave of COVID-19 pandemic in the UK. Clinical record interactive search (CRIS) was performed for mentions of ADs within 3 months preceding admission to inpatient care of the South London and Maudsley (SLaM) NHS Foundation Trust. Incidence of positive COVID-19 tests upon admission and during inpatient treatment was the primary outcome measure.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n <jats:p>AD mention was associated with approximately 40% lower incidence of positive COVID-19 test results when adjusted for socioeconomic parameters and physical health. This association was also observed for prescription of ADs of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class.</jats:p>\n </jats:sec><jats:sec>\n <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>\n <jats:p>This preliminary study suggests that ADs, and SSRIs in particular, may be of benefit for preventing COVID-19 infection spread in the community. The key limitations of the study are its retrospective nature and the focus on a mental health patient cohort. A more definitive assessment of AD and SSRI preventative potential warrants prospective studies in the wider demographic.\n</jats:p>\n </jats:sec>", "alternative-id": [ "2877" ], "article-number": "209", "assertion": [ { "group": { "label": "Article History", "name": "ArticleHistory" }, "label": "Received", "name": "received", "order": 1, "value": "7 December 2022" }, { "group": { "label": "Article History", "name": "ArticleHistory" }, "label": "Accepted", "name": "accepted", "order": 2, "value": "20 April 2023" }, { "group": { "label": "Article History", "name": "ArticleHistory" }, "label": "First Online", "name": "first_online", "order": 3, "value": "21 June 2023" }, { "group": { "label": "Declarations", "name": "EthicsHeading" }, "name": "Ethics", "order": 1 }, { "group": { "label": "Ethics approval and consent to participate", "name": "EthicsHeading" }, "name": "Ethics", "order": 2, "value": "The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London (reference number 21–059 KHP)." }, { "group": { "label": "Consent for publication", "name": "EthicsHeading" }, "name": "Ethics", "order": 3, "value": "Not required." }, { "group": { "label": "Competing interests", "name": "EthicsHeading" }, "name": "Ethics", "order": 4, "value": "RS declares research support received within the last 36 months from Janssen, GSK, and Takeda." } ], "author": [ { "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-5470", "affiliation": [], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Glebov", "given": "Oleg O.", "sequence": "first" }, { "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9816-1686", "affiliation": [], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Mueller", "given": "Christoph", "sequence": "additional" }, { "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4435-6397", "affiliation": [], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Stewart", "given": "Robert", "sequence": "additional" }, { "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6314-216X", "affiliation": [], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Aarsland", "given": "Dag", "sequence": "additional" }, { "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3414-303X", "affiliation": [], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Perera", "given": "Gayan", "sequence": "additional" } ], "container-title": "BMC Medicine", "container-title-short": "BMC Med", "content-domain": { "crossmark-restriction": false, "domain": [ "link.springer.com" ] }, "created": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 6, 21 ] ], "date-time": "2023-06-21T00:02:16Z", "timestamp": 1687305736000 }, "deposited": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 6, 21 ] ], "date-time": "2023-06-21T00:02:55Z", "timestamp": 1687305775000 }, "funder": [ { "DOI": "10.13039/501100001809", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "name": "National Natural Science Foundation of China" } ], "indexed": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 6, 21 ] ], "date-time": "2023-06-21T04:26:23Z", "timestamp": 1687321583485 }, "is-referenced-by-count": 0, "issue": "1", "issued": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 6, 21 ] ] }, "journal-issue": { "issue": "1", "published-online": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 12 ] ] } }, "language": "en", "license": [ { "URL": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0", "content-version": "tdm", "delay-in-days": 0, "start": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 6, 21 ] ], "date-time": "2023-06-21T00:00:00Z", "timestamp": 1687305600000 } }, { "URL": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0", "content-version": "vor", "delay-in-days": 0, "start": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 6, 21 ] ], "date-time": "2023-06-21T00:00:00Z", "timestamp": 1687305600000 } } ], "link": [ { "URL": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12916-023-02877-9.pdf", "content-type": "application/pdf", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "text-mining" }, { "URL": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12916-023-02877-9/fulltext.html", "content-type": "text/html", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "text-mining" }, { "URL": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12916-023-02877-9.pdf", "content-type": "application/pdf", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "similarity-checking" } ], "member": "297", "original-title": [], "prefix": "10.1186", "published": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 6, 21 ] ] }, "published-online": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 6, 21 ] ] }, "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC", "reference": [ { "DOI": "10.1038/s41562-020-01009-0", "author": "N Haug", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "first-page": "1303", "issue": "12", "journal-title": "Nat Hum Behav", "key": "2877_CR1", "unstructured": "Haug N, Geyrhofer L, Londei A, Dervic E, Desvars-Larrive A, Loreto V, et al. 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