Supplementary Data — Sodium Bicarbonate reduces COVID-19 risk: real-time meta analysis of 6 studies

@CovidAnalysis, December 2025, Version 2V2
0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2+ Mody (RCT) 64% 0.36 [0.19-0.68] no improv. 8/30 22/30 Improvement, RR [CI] Treatment Control Soares (ICU) 76% 0.24 [0.11-0.54] death 6/44 18/32 ICU patients Delić (RCT) 23% 0.77 [0.56-1.06] death 23/42 37/52 Intubated patients Delić (RCT) 20% 0.80 [0.54-1.18] death 20/42 31/52 Intubated patients El-Badrawy 57% 0.43 [0.09-2.08] death 3/127 3/55 El-Badrawy 39% 0.61 [0.20-1.83] progression 7/127 5/55 El-Badrawy 19% 0.81 [0.68-0.96] no recov. 84/127 45/55 El-Badrawy 73% 0.27 [0.14-0.52] no recov. 127 (n) 55 (n) El-Badrawy 66% 0.34 [0.25-0.47] recov. time 127 (n) 55 (n) SODIC El-Badr.. (DB RCT) 23% 0.77 [0.50-1.18] death 32/272 42/274 SODIC El-Badr.. (DB RCT) 55% 0.45 [0.23-0.87] death 12/247 27/251 SODIC El-Badr.. (DB RCT) 79% 0.21 [0.02-1.76] death 1/125 5/130 SODIC El-Badr.. (DB RCT) 53% 0.47 [0.25-0.88] death 11/63 22/59 SODIC El-Badr.. (DB RCT) -23% 1.23 [0.86-1.75] death 20/25 15/23 SODIC El-Badr.. (DB RCT) 28% 0.72 [0.66-0.80] recov. time 272 (n) 274 (n) SODIC El-Badr.. (DB RCT) 33% 0.67 [0.52-0.85] no recov. 238 (n) 229 (n) Wang (RCT) 39% 0.61 [0.46-0.82] hosp. time 23 (n) 32 (n) Sodium bicarbonate COVID-19 outcomes c19early.org December 2025 Favors sodium bicarbonate Favors control
Fig. S1. All outcomes.
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Fig. S2. Comparison of results for RCTs versus observational studies. For COVID-19 treatments, there is no significant difference between the results of RCTs and observational studies. Observational studies do not systematically over or underestimate efficacy. For high-cost treatments, there is a non-significant trend towards RCTs showing greater efficacy.