Acid pH Increases SARS-CoV-2 Infection and the Risk of Death by COVID-19
Jimenez et al.,
Acid pH Increases SARS-CoV-2 Infection and the Risk of Death by COVID-19,
Frontiers in Medicine, doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.637885
In Vitro study showing lower pH increased ACE2 expression and viral load on SARS-CoV-2 infection, and retrospective study showing proton pump inhibitor use, which is correlated with low gastric pH-related diseases, was associated with higher mortality.
Jimenez et al., 20 Aug 2021, Brazil, peer-reviewed, 21 authors.
Contact:
hnakaya@usp.br.
Abstract: BRIEF RESEARCH REPORT
published: 20 August 2021
doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.637885
Acid pH Increases SARS-CoV-2
Infection and the Risk of Death by
COVID-19
Leandro Jimenez 1,2 , Ana Campos Codo 3 , Vanderson de Souza Sampaio 4,5,6,7 ,
Antonio E. R. Oliveira 1 , Lucas Kaoru Kobo Ferreira 1 , Gustavo Gastão Davanzo 3 ,
Lauar de Brito Monteiro 3 , João Victor Virgilio-da-Silva 3 , Mayla Gabriela Silva Borba 4 ,
Gabriela Fabiano de Souza 3 , Nathalia Zini 8 , Flora de Andrade Gandolfi 8 ,
Stéfanie Primon Muraro 3 , José Luiz Proença-Modena 3 , Fernando Almeida Val 4,5,7 ,
Gisely Cardoso Melo 4,5 , Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro 4,5 , Maurício Lacerda Nogueira 8 ,
Marcus Vinícius Guimarães Lacerda 4,5,9 , Pedro M. Moraes-Vieira 3,10,11 and
Helder I. Nakaya 1,2,12*
Edited by:
Hu Zhang,
Sichuan University, China
Reviewed by:
Y. F. Gu,
Zhejiang University, China
Chenyu Sun,
AMITA Health St Joseph Hospital,
United States
*Correspondence:
Helder I. Nakaya
hnakaya@usp.br
Specialty section:
This article was submitted to
Gastroenterology,
a section of the journal
Frontiers in Medicine
Received: 04 December 2020
Accepted: 26 July 2021
Published: 20 August 2021
Citation:
Jimenez L, Campos Codo A,
Sampaio VdS, Oliveira AER,
Ferreira LKK, Davanzo GG, Brito
Monteiro Ld, Victor Virgilio-da-Silva J,
Borba MGS, Fabiano de Souza G,
Zini N, Andrade Gandolfi Fd,
Muraro SP, Luiz Proença-Modena J,
Val FA, Cardoso Melo G,
Monteiro WM, Nogueira ML,
Lacerda MVG, Moraes-Vieira PM and
Nakaya HI (2021) Acid pH Increases
SARS-CoV-2 Infection and the Risk of
Death by COVID-19.
Front. Med. 8:637885.
doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.637885
Frontiers in Medicine | www.frontiersin.org
1
Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo,
Brazil, 2 Scientific Platform Pasteur-University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, 3 Department of Genetics, Evolution,
Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, 4 Fundação de Medicina
Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil, 5 Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil, 6 Fundação de
Vigilância em Saúde do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil, 7 Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Amazonas,
Manaus, Brazil, 8 Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil, 9 Faculdade de Medicina da
Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil, 10 Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas,
São Paulo, Brazil, 11 Experimental Medicine Research Cluster, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, 12 Hospital Israelita
Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can infect a broad
range of human tissues by using the host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
(ACE2). Individuals with comorbidities associated with severe COVID-19 display higher
levels of ACE2 in the lungs compared to those without comorbidities, and conditions
such as cell stress, elevated glucose levels and hypoxia may also increase the expression
of ACE2. Here, we showed that patients with Barrett’s esophagus (BE) have a higher
expression of ACE2 in BE tissues compared to normal squamous esophagus, and that
the lower pH associated with BE may drive this increase in expression. Human primary
monocytes cultured in reduced pH displayed increased ACE2 expression and higher viral
load upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. We also showed in two independent cohorts of 1,357
COVID-19..
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