Mortality rates of severe COVID-19-related respiratory failure with and without extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the Middle Ruhr Region of Germany

{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2023, 3, 30]], 'date-time': '2023-03-30T04:23:33Z', 'timestamp': 1680150213904}, 'reference-count': 50, 'publisher': 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 'issue': '1', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 3, 29]], 'date-time': '2023-03-29T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1680048000000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 3, 29]], 'date-time': '2023-03-29T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1680048000000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0'}], 'funder': [ { 'DOI': '10.13039/501100006254', 'name': 'Ruhr-Universität Bochum', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': ['link.springer.com'], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'abstract': '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ' '(ECMO) is discussed to improve patients’ outcome in severe COVID-19 with respiratory failure, ' 'but data on ECMO remains controversial. The aim of the study was to determine the ' 'characteristics of patients under invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) with or without ' 'veno-venous ECMO support and to evaluate outcome parameters. Ventilated patients with ' 'COVID-19 with and without additional ECMO support were analyzed in a retrospective ' 'multicenter study regarding clinical characteristics, respiratory and laboratory parameters ' 'in day-to-day follow-up. Recruitment of patients was conducted during the first three ' 'COVID-19 waves at four German university hospitals of the Ruhr University Bochum, located in ' 'the Middle Ruhr Region. From March 1, 2020 to August 31, 2021, the charts of 149 patients who ' 'were ventilated for COVID-19 infection, were included (63.8% male, median age 67\xa0years). ' 'Fifty patients (33.6%) received additional ECMO support. On average, ECMO therapy was ' 'initiated 15.6\u2009±\u20099.4\xa0days after symptom onset, 10.6\u2009±\u20097.1\xa0days ' 'after hospital admission, and 4.8\u2009±\u20096.4\xa0days after the start of IMV. Male sex ' 'and higher SOFA and RESP scores were observed significantly more often in the high-volume ' 'ECMO center. Pre-medication with antidepressants was more often detected in survivors (22.0% ' 'vs. 6.5%; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.006). ECMO patients were 14\xa0years ' 'younger and presented a lower rate of concomitant cardiovascular diseases (18.0% vs. 47.5%; ' '<jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0004). Additionally, cytokine-adsorption (46.0% ' 'vs. 13.1%; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and renal replacement therapy ' '(76.0% vs. 43.4%; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0001) were carried out more ' 'frequently; in ECMO patients thrombocytes were transfused 12-fold more often related to more ' 'than fourfold higher bleeding complications. Undulating C-reactive protein (CRP) and massive ' 'increase in bilirubin levels (at terminal stage) could be observed in deceased ECMO patients. ' 'In-hospital mortality was high (Overall: 72.5%, ECMO: 80.0%, ns). Regardless of ECMO therapy ' 'half of the study population deceased within 30\xa0days after hospital admission. Despite ' 'being younger and with less comorbidities ECMO therapy did not improve survival in severely ' 'ill COVID-19 patients. Undulating CRP levels, a massive increase of bilirubin level and a ' 'high use of cytokine-adsorption were associated with worse outcomes. In conclusion, ECMO ' 'support might be helpful in selected severe cases of COVID-19.</jats:p>', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41598-023-31944-7', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2023, 3, 29]], 'date-time': '2023-03-29T15:03:32Z', 'timestamp': 1680102212000}, 'update-policy': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy', 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'Mortality rates of severe COVID-19-related respiratory failure with and without extracorporeal ' 'membrane oxygenation in the Middle Ruhr Region of Germany', 'prefix': '10.1038', 'volume': '13', 'author': [ {'given': 'Assem', 'family': 'Aweimer', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Lea', 'family': 'Petschulat', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Birger', 'family': 'Jettkant', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Roland', 'family': 'Köditz', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Johannes', 'family': 'Finkeldei', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Johannes W.', 'family': 'Dietrich', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Thomas', 'family': 'Breuer', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Christian', 'family': 'Draese', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Ulrich H.', 'family': 'Frey', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Tim', 'family': 'Rahmel', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Michael', 'family': 'Adamzik', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Dirk', 'family': 'Buchwald', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Dritan', 'family': 'Useini', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Thorsten', 'family': 'Brechmann', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Ingolf', 'family': 'Hosbach', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Jürgen', 'family': 'Bünger', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Aydan', 'family': 'Ewers', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Ibrahim', 'family': 'El-Battrawy', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, {'given': 'Andreas', 'family': 'Mügge', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}], 'member': '297', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2023, 3, 29]]}, 'reference': [ { 'issue': '24', 'key': '31944_CR1', 'doi-asserted-by': 'publisher', 'first-page': '759', 'DOI': '10.15585/mmwr.mm6924e2', 'volume': '69', 'author': 'EK Stokes', 'year': '2020', 'unstructured': 'Stokes, E. 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