Analgesics
Antiandrogens
Antihistamines
Azvudine
Bromhexine
Budesonide
Colchicine
Conv. Plasma
Curcumin
Famotidine
Favipiravir
Fluvoxamine
Hydroxychlor..
Ivermectin
Lifestyle
Melatonin
Metformin
Minerals
Molnupiravir
Monoclonals
Naso/orophar..
Nigella Sativa
Nitazoxanide
PPIs
Paxlovid
Quercetin
Remdesivir
Thermotherapy
Vitamins
More

Other
Feedback
Home
Top
Results
Abstract
All colchicine studies
Meta analysis
 
Feedback
Home
next
study
previous
study
c19early.org COVID-19 treatment researchColchicineColchicine (more..)
Melatonin Meta
Metformin Meta
Antihistamines Meta
Azvudine Meta Molnupiravir Meta
Bromhexine Meta
Budesonide Meta
Colchicine Meta Nigella Sativa Meta
Conv. Plasma Meta Nitazoxanide Meta
Curcumin Meta PPIs Meta
Famotidine Meta Paxlovid Meta
Favipiravir Meta Quercetin Meta
Fluvoxamine Meta Remdesivir Meta
Hydroxychlor.. Meta Thermotherapy Meta
Ivermectin Meta

All Studies   Meta Analysis    Recent:   

Efficacy and safety of Ixekizumab vs. low-dose IL-2 vs. Colchicine vs. standard of care in the treatment of patients hospitalized with moderate-to-critical COVID-19: A pilot randomized clinical trial (STRUCK: Survival Trial Using Cytokine Inhibitors)

Pimenta Bonifácio et al., Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0565-2022 (date from preprint), STRUCK, NCT04724629
Apr 2022  
  Post
  Facebook
Share
  Source   PDF   All Studies   Meta AnalysisMeta
Mortality 79% Improvement Relative Risk Improvement 85% Colchicine  STRUCK  LATE TREATMENT  RCT Is late treatment with colchicine beneficial for COVID-19? RCT 30 patients in Brazil (January - July 2021) Lower mortality (p=0.49) and greater improvement (p=0.23), not sig. c19early.org Pimenta Bonifácio et al., Revista da S.., Apr 2022 Favorscolchicine Favorscontrol 0 0.5 1 1.5 2+
Colchicine for COVID-19
5th treatment shown to reduce risk in September 2020
 
*, now with p = 0.00000031 from 56 studies.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine treatments. * >10% efficacy, ≥3 studies.
4,500+ studies for 81 treatments. c19early.org
Open label RCT late stage hospitalized patients in Brazil with 14 colchicine and 16 SOC patients, showing lower mortality and improved recovery with treatment, without statistical significance. Authors note that the colchicine group had one patient with SOFA ≥7 vs. zero for SOC, however both groups had one patient intubated and SOC had more patients not requiring high-flow oxygen (12 vs. 8).
The journal version of this paper falsely states: "Ixekizumab, colchicine, and IL-2 were demonstrated to be safe but ineffective".
The pre-print more accurately represents the improved but not statistically significant results:
"The colchicine arm presented the lowest mortality rate (0%), while the low dose IL-2 had the highest (21.4%) by day 28 post-enrollment. The frequency of adverse events was lowest in the colchicine group (7.3%). None of the differences observed was statistically significant. Interpretation: Colchicine added to SOC performed better than Ixekizumab, low-dose IL-2, or SOC alone for hospitalized patients with moderate to critical Covid-19 in this exploratory study. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings."
risk of death, 78.9% lower, RR 0.21, p = 0.49, treatment 0 of 14 (0.0%), control 2 of 16 (12.5%), NNT 8.0, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events (with reciprocal of the contrasting arm).
risk of no improvement, 84.9% lower, RR 0.15, p = 0.23, treatment 0 of 14 (0.0%), control 3 of 16 (18.8%), NNT 5.3, relative risk is not 0 because of continuity correction due to zero events (with reciprocal of the contrasting arm).
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Pimenta Bonifácio et al., 28 Apr 2022, Randomized Controlled Trial, Brazil, peer-reviewed, mean age 48.9, 18 authors, study period 5 January, 2021 - 30 July, 2021, dosage 1.5mg days 1-3, 1mg days 4-28, trial NCT04724629 (history) (STRUCK). Contact: fbellissimo@usp.br, livia_pb@usp.br.
This PaperColchicineAll
Efficacy and safety of Ixekizumab vs. low-dose IL-2 vs. Colchicine vs. standard of care in the treatment of patients hospitalized with moderate-to-critical COVID-19: A pilot randomized clinical trial (STRUCK: Survival Trial Using Cytokine Inhibitors)
Lívia Pimenta Bonifácio, Eduardo Ramacciotti, Leandro Barile Agati, Fernando Crivelenti Vilar, Anna Christina Tojal Da Silva, Paulo Louzada Júnior, Benedito Antônio Lopes Da Fonseca, Hayala Cristina Cavenague De Souza, Caroline Candida Carvalho De Oliveira, Valéria Cristina Resende Aguiar, Carlos Augusto De Aguiar Quadros, Cesar Dusilek, Kengi Itinose, Ricardo Risson, Lucas Roberto Rivabem Ferreira, Renato Delascio Lopes, Esper Georges Kallas, Dr Fernando Bellissimo-Rodrigues
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0565-2022
data analysis; interpretation of results; critical revision of the final version for publication. FB-R -Study conception and design; study execution planning; supervision of the whole study team; interpretation of results; rewriting of the manuscript; critical analysis of the final version for publication. All authors reviewed the study, and approved the final version for publication. Authors hold themselves responsible for all aspects of the study, to ensure that all questions referring to accuracy and integrity are investigated and solved appropriately.
SUPPLEMENTARY TABLE 2: Plasma cytokine profiles (pg/mL) in COVID-19 patients at baseline (D 1) versus day 28 (D 28). SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Groups
References
Absalon-Aguilar, Rull-Gabayet, Perez-Fragoso, Mejia-Dominguez, Nunez-Alvarez et al., Colchicine Is Safe Though Ineffective in the Treatment of Severe COVID-19: a Randomized Clinical Trial (COLCHIVID), J Gen Intern Med
Angus, Derde, Al-Beidh, Annane, Arabi et al., Effect of Hydrocortisone on Mortality and Organ Support in Patients With Severe COVID-19: The REMAP-CAP COVID-19 Corticosteroid Domain Randomized Clinical Trial, JAMA
Avdeev, Trushenko, Tsareva, Yaroshetskiy, Merzhoeva et al., Anti-IL-17 monoclonal antibodies in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19: A pilot study, Cytokine
Beringer, Miossec, Systemic effects of IL-17 in inflammatory arthritis, Nat Rev Rheumatol
Bonifácio, Exploring new targets for COVID-19 treatment
Bryushkova, Skatova, Mutovina, Zagrebneva, Fomina et al., Tocilizumab, netakimab, and baricitinib in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19: An observational study, PloS One
Bulat, Situm, Azdajic, Likic, Potential role of IL-17 blocking agents in the treatment of severe COVID-19?, Br J Clin Pharmacol
Caldrer, Mazzi, Bernardi, Prato, Ronzoni et al., Regulatory T Cells as Predictors of Clinical Course in Hospitalised COVID-19 Patients, Front Immunol
Cecconi, Martinez-Vives, Vera, Olleros, Barrios et al., Efficacy of short-course colchicine treatment in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia and hyperinflammation: a randomized clinical trial, Sci Rep
Choto, Makupe, Cakana, Sibanda, Mduluza, Excessive neutrophil recruitment promotes typical T-helper 17 responses in Coronavirus disease 2019 patients, PloS One
Core, R: A language and environment for statistical computing
Da, Roura-Piloto, Moral-Escudero, Bernal, Albendin-Iglesias et al., Colchicine in Recently Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Randomized Controlled Trial (COL-COVID), Int J Gen Med
Deftereos, Giannopoulos, Vrachatis, Siasos, Giotaki et al., Effect of Colchicine vs Standard Care on Cardiac and Inflammatory Biomarkers and Clinical Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized With Coronavirus Disease
Diaz, Orlandini, Castellana, Caccavo, Corral et al., Effect of Colchicine vs Usual Care Alone on Intubation and 28-Day Mortality in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial, JAMA Netw Open
Dupuis, Sirois, Rheaume, Nguyen, Clavet-Lanthier et al., Colchicine reduces lung injury in experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome, PloS One
Fajgenbaum, June, Cytokine Storm, N Engl J Med
Giannakodimos, Gkountana, Lykouras, Karkoulias, Tsakas, The Role of Interleukin-6 in the Pathogenesis, Prognosis and Treatment of Severe COVID-19, Curr Med Chem
Gurczynski, Moore, IL-17 in the lung: the good, the bad, and the ugly, Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol
Hirano, IL-6 in inflammation, autoimmunity and cancer, Int Immunol
Jafrin, Aziz, Islam, Elevated Levels of Pleiotropic Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) are Critically Involved With the Severity and Mortality of COVID-19: An Updated Longitudinal Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review on 147 Studies, Biomark Insights
Leforte, Hospital e Maternidade Christóvão da Gama
Lin, Fu, Yin, Li, Liu et al., ORF8 contributes to cytokine storm during SARS-CoV-2 infection by activating IL-17 pathway, iScience
Liu, Lu, Allan, Tang, Tetreault et al., Generation and characterization of ixekizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody that neutralizes interleukin-17A, J Inflamm Res
Lopes, Bonjorno, Giannini, Amaral, Menezes et al., Beneficial effects of colchicine for moderate to severe COVID-19: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial, RMD Open
Ma, Reynolds, Baker, Li, Benveniste et al., IL-17 enhancement of the IL-6 signaling cascade in astrocytes, J Immunol
Ma, Zhang, Ye, Chen, Yu et al., High Levels of Circulating IL-8 and Soluble IL-2R Are Associated With Prolonged Illness in Patients With Severe COVID-19, Front Immunol
Mareev, Orlova, Plisyk, Pavlikova, Akopyan et al., Proactive anti-inflammatory therapy with colchicine in the treatment of advanced stages of new coronavirus infection. The first results of the COLORIT study, Kardiologiia
Maslennikov, Ivashkin, Vasilieva, Chipurik, Semikova et al., Interleukin 17 antagonist netakimab is effective and safe in the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), Eur Cytokine Netw
Mills, IL-17 and IL-17-producing cells in protection versus pathology, Nat Rev Immunol
Mulcahy, Hudson, Beggs, Reid, Roddam et al., High peripheral blood th17 percent associated with poor lung function in cystic fibrosis, PloS One
Pourdowlat, Saghafi, Mozafari, Sahebnasagh, Abedini et al., Efficacy and safety of colchicine treatment in patients with COVID-19: A prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical trial, Phytother Res: PTR
Pourgholaminejad, Pahlavanneshan, Basiri, COVID-19 immunopathology with emphasis on Th17 response and cell-based immunomodulation therapy: Potential targets and challenges, Scand J Immunol
Qian, Liu, Hartupee, Altuntas, Gulen, The adaptor Act1 is required for interleukin 17-dependent signaling associated with autoimmune and inflammatory disease, Nat Immunol
Ravelli, Gigant, Curmi, Jourdain, Lachkar et al., Insight into tubulin regulation from a complex with colchicine and a stathmin-like domain, Nature
Resende, Da Cruz Lage, Lobe, Medeiros, Costa et al., Blockade of interleukin seventeen (IL-17A) with secukinumab in hospitalized COVID-19 patients -the BISHOP study, Infect Dis (Lond)
Ryzhakov, Lai, Blazek, To, Hussell et al., IL-17 boosts proinflammatory outcome of antiviral response in human cells, J Immunol
Sadeghi, Tahmasebi, Mahmood, Kuznetsova, Valizadeh et al., Th17 and Treg cells function in SARS-CoV2 patients compared with healthy controls, J Cell Physiol
Spolski, Li, Leonard, Biology and regulation of IL-2: from molecular mechanisms to human therapy, Nat Rev Immunol
Tardif, Bouabdallaoui, Allier, Gaudet, Shah et al., Colchicine for community-treated patients with COVID-19 (COLCORONA): a phase 3, randomised, double-blinded, adaptive, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial, Lancet Respir Med
Van Eijk, Binkhorst, Bourgonje, Offringa, Mulder et al., COVID-19: immunopathology, pathophysiological mechanisms, and treatment options, J Pathol
Who, COVID-19 Clinical management: living guidance
Who, R&D Blueprint novel Coronavirus COVID-19 Therapeutic Trial Synopsis
Yang, Masters, Fortner, Champagne, Yanguas-Casas et al., IL-6 promotes the differentiation of a subset of naive CD8+ T cells into IL-21-producing B helper CD8+ T cells, J Exp Med
Zhang, Wang, Li, Xi, Mao et al., Potential contribution of increased soluble IL-2R to lymphopenia in COVID-19 patients, Cell Mol Immunol
Zhu, Wang, Zhou, Wang, Ke et al., Recombinant interleukin-2 stimulates lymphocyte recovery in patients with severe COVID-19, Exp Ther Med
{ 'indexed': {'date-parts': [[2023, 4, 15]], 'date-time': '2023-04-15T04:51:00Z', 'timestamp': 1681534260745}, 'reference-count': 45, 'publisher': 'FapUNIFESP (SciELO)', 'license': [ { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 1, 1]], 'date-time': '2023-01-01T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1672531200000}, 'content-version': 'vor', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 1, 1]], 'date-time': '2023-01-01T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1672531200000}, 'content-version': 'am', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/'}, { 'start': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 1, 1]], 'date-time': '2023-01-01T00:00:00Z', 'timestamp': 1672531200000}, 'content-version': 'tdm', 'delay-in-days': 0, 'URL': 'http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/'}], 'content-domain': {'domain': [], 'crossmark-restriction': False}, 'DOI': '10.1590/0037-8682-0565-2022', 'type': 'journal-article', 'created': {'date-parts': [[2023, 4, 14]], 'date-time': '2023-04-14T16:09:41Z', 'timestamp': 1681488581000}, 'source': 'Crossref', 'is-referenced-by-count': 0, 'title': 'Efficacy and safety of Ixekizumab vs. low-dose IL-2 vs. Colchicine vs. standard of care in the ' 'treatment of patients hospitalized with moderate-to-critical COVID-19: A pilot randomized ' 'clinical trial (STRUCK: Survival Trial Using Cytokine Inhibitors)', 'prefix': '10.1590', 'volume': '56', 'author': [ { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4309-0304', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Lívia Pimenta', 'family': 'Bonifácio', 'sequence': 'first', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5735-1333', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Eduardo', 'family': 'Ramacciotti', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Science Valley Research Institute, Brasil; Grupo Leforte, ' 'Brasil'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9655-4734', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Leandro Barile', 'family': 'Agati', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': []}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8232-5375', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Fernando Crivelenti', 'family': 'Vilar', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8672-4453', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Anna Christina Tojal da', 'family': 'Silva', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2585-3870', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Paulo', 'family': 'Louzada Júnior', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3159-5687', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Benedito Antônio Lopes da', 'family': 'Fonseca', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7970-5403', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Hayala Cristina Cavenague de', 'family': 'Souza', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0009-0005-3588-3370', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Caroline Candida Carvalho de', 'family': 'Oliveira', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Science Valley Research Institute, Brasil; Grupo Leforte, ' 'Brasil'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0009-0004-9950-0415', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Valéria Cristina Resende', 'family': 'Aguiar', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Science Valley Research Institute, Brasil; Grupo Leforte, ' 'Brasil'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0009-0006-2098-0706', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Carlos Augusto de Aguiar', 'family': 'Quadros', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Grupo Leforte, Brasil'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6243-8855', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Cesar', 'family': 'Dusilek', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Hospital do Rocio, Brasil'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9708-0294', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Kengi', 'family': 'Itinose', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Hospital do Rocio, Brasil'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0009-0005-5583-6408', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Ricardo', 'family': 'Risson', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Hospital do Rocio, Brasil'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0009-0004-6049-7503', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Lucas Roberto Rivabem', 'family': 'Ferreira', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Hospital do Rocio, Brasil'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2999-4961', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Renato Delascio', 'family': 'Lopes', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [ { 'name': 'Brazilian Clinical Research Institute, Brasil; Duke University ' 'Medical Center, USA'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2026-6925', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Esper Georges', 'family': 'Kallas', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil'}]}, { 'ORCID': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3736-7127', 'authenticated-orcid': False, 'given': 'Fernando', 'family': 'Bellissimo-Rodrigues', 'sequence': 'additional', 'affiliation': [{'name': 'Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil'}]}], 'member': '530', 'published-online': {'date-parts': [[2023]]}, 'reference': [ { 'key': 'ref1', 'series-title': 'COVID-19 Clinical management: living guidance', 'year': '2022'}, { 'issue': '23', 'key': 'ref2', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '2255', 'DOI': '10.1056/NEJMra2026131', 'article-title': 'Cytokine Storm', 'volume': '383', 'author': 'Fajgenbaum DC', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'N Engl J Med'}, { 'issue': '26', 'key': 'ref3', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '5328', 'DOI': '10.2174/0929867328666201209100259', 'article-title': 'The Role of Interleukin-6 in the Pathogenesis, Prognosis and Treatment ' 'of Severe COVID-19', 'volume': '28', 'author': 'Giannakodimos I', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Curr Med Chem'}, { 'issue': '4', 'key': 'ref4', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '307', 'DOI': '10.1002/path.5642', 'article-title': 'COVID-19: immunopathology, pathophysiological mechanisms, and treatment ' 'options', 'volume': '254', 'author': 'van Eijk LE', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'J Pathol'}, { 'key': 'ref5', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '11772719221106600', 'DOI': '10.1177/11772719221106600', 'article-title': 'Elevated Levels of Pleiotropic Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Interleukin-10 ' '(IL-10) are Critically Involved With the Severity and Mortality of ' 'COVID-19: An Updated Longitudinal Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review ' 'on 147 Studies', 'volume': '17', 'author': 'Jafrin S', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Biomark Insights'}, { 'issue': '3', 'key': 'ref6', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '127', 'DOI': '10.1093/intimm/dxaa078', 'article-title': 'IL-6 in inflammation, autoimmunity and cancer', 'volume': '33', 'author': 'Hirano T', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Int Immunol'}, { 'key': 'ref7', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '789735', 'DOI': '10.3389/fimmu.2021.789735', 'article-title': 'Regulatory T Cells as Predictors of Clinical Course in Hospitalised ' 'COVID-19 Patients', 'volume': '12', 'author': 'Caldrer S', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Front Immunol'}, { 'issue': '8', 'key': 'ref8', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pone.0273186', 'article-title': 'Excessive neutrophil recruitment promotes typical T-helper 17 responses ' 'in Coronavirus disease 2019 patients', 'volume': '17', 'author': 'Choto TA', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'PloS One'}, { 'key': 'ref9', 'article-title': 'IL-17 and IL-17-producing cells in protection versus pathology', 'author': 'Mills KHG', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Nat Rev Immunol'}, { 'issue': '2', 'key': 'ref10', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1111/sji.13131', 'article-title': 'COVID-19 immunopathology with emphasis on Th17 response and cell-based ' 'immunomodulation therapy: Potential targets and challenges', 'volume': '95', 'author': 'Pourgholaminejad A', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Scand J Immunol'}, { 'issue': '4', 'key': 'ref11', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '2829', 'DOI': '10.1002/jcp.30047', 'article-title': 'Th17 and Treg cells function in SARS-CoV2 patients compared with ' 'healthy controls', 'volume': '236', 'author': 'Sadeghi A', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'J Cell Physiol'}, { 'issue': '10', 'key': 'ref12', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '648', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41577-018-0046-y', 'article-title': 'Biology and regulation of IL-2: from molecular mechanisms to human ' 'therapy', 'volume': '18', 'author': 'Spolski R', 'year': '2018', 'journal-title': 'Nat Rev Immunol'}, { 'key': 'ref13', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '626235', 'DOI': '10.3389/fimmu.2021.626235', 'article-title': 'High Levels of Circulating IL-8 and Soluble IL-2R Are Associated With ' 'Prolonged Illness in Patients With Severe COVID-19', 'volume': '12', 'author': 'Ma A', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Front Immunol'}, { 'issue': '8', 'key': 'ref14', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '878', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41423-020-0484-x', 'article-title': 'Potential contribution of increased soluble IL-2R to lymphopenia in ' 'COVID-19 patients', 'volume': '17', 'author': 'Zhang Y', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'Cell Mol Immunol'}, { 'issue': '9', 'key': 'ref15', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '4898', 'DOI': '10.4049/jimmunol.1000142', 'article-title': 'IL-17 enhancement of the IL-6 signaling cascade in astrocytes', 'volume': '184', 'author': 'Ma X', 'year': '2010', 'journal-title': 'J Immunol'}, { 'issue': '3', 'key': 'ref16', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '247', 'DOI': '10.1038/ni1439', 'article-title': 'The adaptor Act1 is required for interleukin 17-dependent signaling ' 'associated with autoimmune and inflammatory disease', 'volume': '8', 'author': 'Qian Y', 'year': '2007', 'journal-title': 'Nat Immunol'}, { 'issue': '4', 'key': 'ref17', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '102293', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.isci.2021.102293', 'article-title': 'ORF8 contributes to cytokine storm during SARS-CoV-2 infection by ' 'activating IL-17 pathway', 'volume': '24', 'author': 'Lin X', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'iScience'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': 'ref18', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': 'L6', 'DOI': '10.1152/ajplung.00344.2017', 'article-title': 'IL-17 in the lung: the good, the bad, and the ugly', 'volume': '314', 'author': 'Gurczynski SJ', 'year': '2018', 'journal-title': 'Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol'}, { 'issue': '3', 'key': 'ref19', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pone.0120912', 'article-title': 'High peripheral blood th17 percent associated with poor lung function ' 'in cystic fibrosis', 'volume': '10', 'author': 'Mulcahy EM', 'year': '2015', 'journal-title': 'PloS One'}, { 'issue': '10', 'key': 'ref20', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '5357', 'DOI': '10.4049/jimmunol.1100917', 'article-title': 'IL-17 boosts proinflammatory outcome of antiviral response in human ' 'cells', 'volume': '187', 'author': 'Ryzhakov G', 'year': '2011', 'journal-title': 'J Immunol'}, { 'issue': '3', 'key': 'ref21', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1578', 'DOI': '10.1111/bcp.14437', 'article-title': 'Potential role of IL-17 blocking agents in the treatment of severe ' 'COVID-19?', 'volume': '87', 'author': 'Bulat V', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Br J Clin Pharmacol'}, { 'key': 'ref22', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '39', 'DOI': '10.2147/JIR.S100940', 'article-title': 'Generation and characterization of ixekizumab, a humanized monoclonal ' 'antibody that neutralizes interleukin-17A', 'volume': '9', 'author': 'Liu L', 'year': '2016', 'journal-title': 'J Inflamm Res'}, { 'issue': '12', 'key': 'ref23', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1419', 'DOI': '10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00435-5', 'article-title': 'Colchicine in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a ' 'randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial', 'volume': '9', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Lancet Respir Med'}, { 'issue': '13', 'key': 'ref24', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1317', 'DOI': '10.1001/jama.2020.17022', 'article-title': 'Effect of Hydrocortisone on Mortality and Organ Support in Patients ' 'With Severe COVID-19: The REMAP-CAP COVID-19 Corticosteroid Domain ' 'Randomized Clinical Trial', 'volume': '324', 'author': 'Angus DC', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'JAMA'}, { 'issue': '12', 'key': 'ref25', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pone.0242318', 'article-title': 'Colchicine reduces lung injury in experimental acute respiratory ' 'distress syndrome', 'volume': '15', 'author': 'Dupuis J', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'PloS One'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': 'ref26', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1136/rmdopen-2020-001455', 'article-title': 'Beneficial effects of colchicine for moderate to severe COVID-19: a ' 'randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial', 'volume': '7', 'author': 'Lopes MI', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'RMD Open'}, { 'issue': '6979', 'key': 'ref27', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '198', 'DOI': '10.1038/nature02393', 'article-title': 'Insight into tubulin regulation from a complex with colchicine and a ' 'stathmin-like domain', 'volume': '428', 'author': 'Ravelli RB', 'year': '2004', 'journal-title': 'Nature'}, { 'issue': '8', 'key': 'ref28', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '924', 'DOI': '10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00222-8', 'article-title': 'Colchicine for community-treated patients with COVID-19 (COLCORONA): a ' 'phase 3, randomised, double-blinded, adaptive, placebo-controlled, ' 'multicentre trial', 'volume': '9', 'author': 'Tardif JC', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Lancet Respir Med'}, { 'issue': '11', 'key': 'ref29', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '2281', 'DOI': '10.1084/jem.20160417', 'article-title': 'IL-6 promotes the differentiation of a subset of naive CD8+ T cells ' 'into IL-21-producing B helper CD8+ T cells', 'volume': '213', 'author': 'Yang R', 'year': '2016', 'journal-title': 'J Exp Med'}, { 'issue': '6', 'key': 'ref30', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.13136', 'article-title': 'Effect of Colchicine vs Standard Care on Cardiac and Inflammatory ' 'Biomarkers and Clinical Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized With ' 'Coronavirus Disease 2019: The GRECCO-19 Randomized Clinical Trial', 'volume': '3', 'author': 'Deftereos SG', 'year': '2020', 'journal-title': 'JAMA Netw Open'}, { 'issue': '12', 'key': 'ref31', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.41328', 'article-title': 'Effect of Colchicine vs Usual Care Alone on Intubation and 28-Day ' 'Mortality in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical ' 'Trial', 'volume': '4', 'author': 'Diaz R', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'JAMA Netw Open'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': 'ref32', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '4', 'DOI': '10.1007/s11606-021-07203-8', 'article-title': 'Colchicine Is Safe Though Ineffective in the Treatment of Severe ' 'COVID-19: a Randomized Clinical Trial (COLCHIVID)', 'volume': '37', 'author': 'Absalon-Aguilar A', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'J Gen Intern Med'}, { 'issue': '2', 'key': 'ref33', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '15', 'DOI': '10.18087/cardio.2021.2.n1560', 'article-title': 'Proactive anti-inflammatory therapy with colchicine in the treatment of ' 'advanced stages of new coronavirus infection. The first results of the ' 'COLORIT study', 'volume': '61', 'author': 'Mareev VY', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Kardiologiia'}, { 'key': 'ref34', 'series-title': 'R&D Blueprint novel Coronavirus COVID-19 Therapeutic Trial Synopsis', 'year': '2020'}, { 'key': 'ref35', 'series-title': 'R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation ' 'for Statistical Computing', 'year': '2021'}, { 'key': 'ref36', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '5517', 'DOI': '10.2147/IJGM.S329810', 'article-title': 'Colchicine in Recently Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A ' 'Randomized Controlled Trial (COL-COVID)', 'volume': '14', 'author': 'Pascual-Figal DA', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Int J Gen Med'}, { 'issue': '2', 'key': 'ref37', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '891', 'DOI': '10.1002/ptr.7319', 'article-title': 'Efficacy and safety of colchicine treatment in patients with COVID-19: ' 'A prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical trial', 'volume': '36', 'author': 'Pourdowlat G', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Phytother Res: PTR'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': 'ref38', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '9208', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41598-022-13424-6', 'article-title': 'Efficacy of short-course colchicine treatment in hospitalized patients ' 'with moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia and hyperinflammation: a ' 'randomized clinical trial', 'volume': '12', 'author': 'Cecconi A', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Sci Rep'}, { 'issue': '1', 'key': 'ref39', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '8', 'DOI': '10.1684/ecn.2021.0463', 'article-title': 'Interleukin 17 antagonist netakimab is effective and safe in the new ' 'coronavirus infection (COVID-19)', 'volume': '32', 'author': 'Maslennikov R', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Eur Cytokine Netw'}, { 'key': 'ref40', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '155627', 'DOI': '10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155627', 'article-title': 'Anti-IL-17 monoclonal antibodies in hospitalized patients with severe ' 'COVID-19: A pilot study', 'volume': '146', 'author': 'Avdeev SN', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Cytokine'}, { 'issue': '8', 'key': 'ref41', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '591', 'DOI': '10.1080/23744235.2022.2066171', 'article-title': 'Blockade of interleukin seventeen (IL-17A) with secukinumab in ' 'hospitalized COVID-19 patients - the BISHOP study', 'volume': '54', 'author': 'Resende GG', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Infect Dis'}, { 'issue': '8', 'key': 'ref42', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '491', 'DOI': '10.1038/s41584-019-0243-5', 'article-title': 'Systemic effects of IL-17 in inflammatory arthritis', 'volume': '15', 'author': 'Beringer A', 'year': '2019', 'journal-title': 'Nat Rev Rheumatol'}, { 'issue': '8', 'key': 'ref43', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'DOI': '10.1371/journal.pone.0273340', 'article-title': 'Tocilizumab, netakimab, and baricitinib in patients with ' 'mild-to-moderate COVID-19: An observational study', 'volume': '17', 'author': 'Bryushkova EA', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'PloS One'}, { 'issue': '3', 'key': 'ref44', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '227', 'DOI': '10.3892/etm.2021.9658', 'article-title': 'Recombinant interleukin-2 stimulates lymphocyte recovery in patients ' 'with severe COVID-19', 'volume': '21', 'author': 'Zhu ME', 'year': '2021', 'journal-title': 'Exp Ther Med'}, { 'issue': '10339', 'key': 'ref45', 'doi-asserted-by': 'crossref', 'first-page': '1941', 'DOI': '10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00519-0', 'article-title': 'Remdesivir and three other drugs for hospitalised patients with ' 'COVID-19: final results of the WHO Solidarity randomised trial and ' 'updated meta-analyses', 'volume': '399', 'year': '2022', 'journal-title': 'Lancet'}], 'container-title': 'Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical', 'original-title': [], 'link': [ { 'URL': 'http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&pid=S0037-86822023000100317&tlng=en', 'content-type': 'unspecified', 'content-version': 'vor', 'intended-application': 'similarity-checking'}], 'deposited': { 'date-parts': [[2023, 4, 14]], 'date-time': '2023-04-14T16:10:01Z', 'timestamp': 1681488601000}, 'score': 1, 'resource': { 'primary': { 'URL': 'http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0037-86822023000100317&tlng=en'}}, 'subtitle': [], 'short-title': [], 'issued': {'date-parts': [[2023]]}, 'references-count': 45, 'alternative-id': ['S0037-86822023000100317'], 'URL': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0565-2022', 'relation': {}, 'ISSN': ['1678-9849', '0037-8682'], 'subject': ['Infectious Diseases', 'Microbiology (medical)', 'Parasitology'], 'container-title-short': 'Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.', 'published': {'date-parts': [[2023]]}}
Late treatment
is less effective
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 100,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. FLCCC and WCH provide treatment protocols.
  or use drag and drop   
Submit