Correlation between UV Index, Temperature and Humidity with Respect to Incidence and Severity of COVID 19 in Spain
Juan Blas Pérez-Gilaberte, Natalia Martín-Iranzo, Jo Aguilera, Manuel Almenara-Blasco, Victoria María, De Gálvez, Yolanda Gilaberte
Background: Various studies support the inverse correlation between solar exposure and Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection. In Spain, from the Canary Islands to the northern part of the country, the global incidence of COVID-19 is different depending on latitude, which could be related to different meteorological conditions such as temperature, humidity, and ultraviolet index (UVI). The objective of the present work was to analyze the association between UVI, other relevant environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, and the incidence, severity, and mortality of COVID-19 at different latitudes in Spain. Methods: An observational prospective study was conducted, recording the numbers of new cases, hospitalizations, patients in critical units, mortality rates, and annual variations related to UVI, temperature, and humidity in five different provinces of Spain from January 2020 to February 2021. Results: Statistically significant inverse correlations (Spearman coefficients) were observed between UVI, temperature, annual changes, and the incidence of COVID-19 cases at almost all latitudes. Conclusion: Higher ultraviolet radiation levels and mean temperatures could contribute to reducing COVID-19 incidence, hospitalizations, and mortality.
Institutional Review Board Statement: The authors declare that ethics approval and consent to participate is not applicable, as data were obtained from the official public source of the Spanish National Epidemiological Centre (CNE) in Spain. Public epidemiological COVID-19 data were obtained from https://cnecovid.isciii.es (accessed on 14 March 2021).
Informed Consent Statement: Authors declare no application of consent for publication, as data sources are public and epidemiological data are derived from anonymous sources.
Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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'abstract': '<jats:p>Background: Various studies support the inverse correlation between solar exposure '
'and Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection. In Spain, from the Canary Islands to the northern part '
'of the country, the global incidence of COVID-19 is different depending on latitude, which '
'could be related to different meteorological conditions such as temperature, humidity, and '
'ultraviolet index (UVI). The objective of the present work was to analyze the association '
'between UVI, other relevant environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, and the '
'incidence, severity, and mortality of COVID-19 at different latitudes in Spain. Methods: An '
'observational prospective study was conducted, recording the numbers of new cases, '
'hospitalizations, patients in critical units, mortality rates, and annual variations related '
'to UVI, temperature, and humidity in five different provinces of Spain from January 2020 to '
'February 2021. Results: Statistically significant inverse correlations (Spearman '
'coefficients) were observed between UVI, temperature, annual changes, and the incidence of '
'COVID-19 cases at almost all latitudes. Conclusion: Higher ultraviolet radiation levels and '
'mean temperatures could contribute to reducing COVID-19 incidence, hospitalizations, and '
'mortality.</jats:p>',
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