Cannabis Use and COVID-19 Hospitalization Outcomes. A Retrospective Study
Mannumbeth Renjithlal et al.,
Cannabis Use and COVID-19 Hospitalization Outcomes. A Retrospective Study,
SSRN Electronic Journal, doi:10.2139/ssrn.4336513 (Preprint)
Retrospective 1,657,800 COVID-19 hospitalizations in the USA including 13,095 patients with cannabis use disorder, showing lower risk of mortality with cannabis use disorder. The text and Table S2 have conflicting results for mortality: 0.45 [0.36-0.57] versus 0.43 [0.34-0.55].
risk of death, 55.6% lower, RR 0.44, p < 0.001, treatment 380 of 13,095 (2.9%), control 1,430 of 26,190 (5.5%), NNT 39, odds ratio converted to relative risk.
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risk of mechanical ventilation, 24.6% lower, RR 0.75, p < 0.001, treatment 925 of 13,095 (7.1%), control 2,455 of 26,190 (9.4%), NNT 43.
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hospitalization time, 5.9% higher, relative time 1.06, p < 0.001, treatment mean 7.2 (±12.78) n=13,095, control mean 6.8 (±10.42) n=26,190.
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Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
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Mannumbeth Renjithlal et al., 28 Jan 2023, retrospective, propensity score matching, USA, preprint, 7 authors, study period 1 January, 2020 - 31 December, 2020.
Contact:
mrlalsarath@gmail.com.
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Cannabis use and COVID-19 hospitalization outcomes. A retrospective study.
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Running title: Cannabis use and COVID outcomes
This preprint research paper has not been peer reviewed. Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4336513
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Sarath Lal Mannumbeth Renjithlal1, Mohamed Magdi1, Abdullah Zoheb
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Authors:
Azhar1,Keerthi Renjith1, Richard Alweis1, Nayef El-Daher1, Moghniuddin
Mohammed1.
Affiliations
1Department of medicine, Rochester regional health/Unity hospital
2Department of Cardiology, Maimonides Medical Center, New York.
Disclosure
All authors have no conflict of interest
Corresponding author:
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All authors received no financial support for the research, authorship, or publication
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Name: Sarath Lal Mannumbeth Renjithlal
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Email: mrlalsarath@gmail.com
Sarath Lal Mannumbeth Renjithlal: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing-
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Original draft preparation. Mohamed Magdi.:Writing and reviewing. Abdullah Zoheb
Azhar: Writing and Reviewing. Keerthi Renjith: Writing . Richard Alweis:
Supervision.: , Nayef El-Daher: Supervision, Reviewing, Moghniuddin
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Mohammed : Writing, Supervision, Reviewing and Software.
This preprint research paper has not been peer reviewed. Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4336513
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Abstract
Background
In vitro studies have shown cannabinoids blocking SARS-CoV-2 cellular entry and affecting
replication. There is a paucity of data assessing the effect of cannabis on patients hospitalized
with COVID in the USA. The aim of our study was to assess mortality and complication rates
in patients hospitalized with COVID stratified by cannabis use.
Methods
We used the National Inpatient Sample, the largest all-payer inpatient database with 95% of
US hospitalizations from 49 states, to identify all COVID hospitalizations from January 01,
2020, to December 31, 2020. We included all adult patients without missing mortality and
gender information. The whole cohort was stratified by cannabis use into two groups
(cannabis use disorder (CUD) vs. no CUD). We performed propensity score matching based
on multiple patient and hospital characteristics to assess the outcome difference.
Results
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A total of 1,657,800 hospitalizations were included. Of these, 13,095 (0.79%) were cannabis
users and were likely to be male (65.6%) and Black (35%) compared to non-cannabis users.
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After propensity score matching, the CUD group had lower mortality (2.9% compared to
5.5%, OR 0.43 [CI 0.34 – 0.55] p <0.001). They also had lower rates of non-invasive (2.9%
vs. 3.9 p <0.014), invasive mechanical ventilation (9.4% vs. 7.1%, p<0.001) and ECMO use
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(0.1 vs. 0.3 p <0.014). They also had a lower rate of septic shock (3.1% vs. 4% p<0.03) and
lesser GI bleeding (3.3% vs. 2.3% p<0.005) compared to no CUD. The cost of hospitalization
in the CUD group was significantly lower. There was no significant difference between the
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other complications assessed.
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Conclusion
We found lower mortality rates, lesser need for mechanical ventilation, and reduced
hospitalization expenses among cannabis users hospitalized with COVID-19. Further
This preprint research paper has not been peer reviewed. Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4336513
research is required to determine whether cannabinoid is a candidate for the treatment and
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