Loliolide for COVID-19
c19early.org
COVID-19 Treatment Clinical Evidence
COVID-19 involves the interplay of 400+ viral and host proteins and factors, providing many therapeutic targets.
c19early analyzes 6,000+ studies for 210+ treatments—over 17 million hours of research.
Only three high-profit early treatments are approved in the US.
In reality, many treatments reduce risk,
with 25 low-cost treatments approved across 163 countries.
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Naso/
oropharyngeal treatment Effective Treatment directly to the primary source of initial infection. -
Healthy lifestyles Protective Exercise, sunlight, a healthy diet, and good sleep all reduce risk.
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Immune support Effective Vitamins A, C, D, and zinc show reduced risk, as with other viruses.
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Thermotherapy Effective Methods for increasing internal body temperature, enhancing immune system function.
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Systemic agents Effective Many systemic agents reduce risk, and may be required when infection progresses.
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High-profit systemic agents Conditional Effective, but with greater access and cost barriers.
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Monoclonal antibodies Limited Utility Effective but rarely used—high cost, variant dependence, IV/SC admin.
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Acetaminophen Harmful Increased risk of severe outcomes and mortality.
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Remdesivir Harmful Increased mortality with longer followup. Increased kidney and liver injury, cardiac disorders.
Loliolide may be beneficial for
COVID-19 according to the studies below.
COVID-19 involves the interplay of 400+ viral and host proteins and factors providing many therapeutic targets.
Scientists have proposed 11,000+ potential treatments.
c19early.org analyzes
210+ treatments.
We have not reviewed loliolide in detail.
, Anti-Coronavirus Activity of Extracts from Scenedesmus acutus cf. acutus Meyen Cultivated in Innovative Photobioreactor Systems, Fermentation, doi:10.3390/fermentation12020085
Coronaviruses are worldwide-distributed RNA viruses with zoonotic potential and the ability to jump from one host species to another, including humans. Even after the COVID-19 pandemic, the search for new, biologically active substances with anti-coronavirus activity continues to be a critical milestone for human health protection. In the framework of a complex engineering strategy, we cultivated the microalgal species Scenedesmus acutus in two different innovative types of flat-plate photobioreactors (PBR1 and K1) for CO2 utilization and biomass production with special features. Isolated extracts from the microalgal biomass of each one were compared for their anti-coronavirus potential. The design of both PBRs allows a hydrodynamic regime to achieve best fluid flow distribution in their sections, therefore providing the optimal so-called flashing light effect. Of course, this is achieved under well-controlled operational conditions. A strain of beta coronavirus 1 (BCoV, bovine coronavirus) replicated in MDBK cells was used as an in vitro model for the evaluation of the antiviral activity of both extracts. The cell viability, number of survived BCoV particles, and cytopathic effect were evaluated after pre-incubation of the virus with the extracts or direct treatment. The extracts’ samples exhibited evident antiviral activity—extract 1 (from PBR1) in concentrations ≥ 200 µg/mL and extract 2 (from K1) in concentrations ≥150 µg/mL. The ddPCR result revealed significant diminishment of the BCoV particles in samples treated with higher concentrations of the extracts. The phytochemical analysis for certain main groups of compounds (flavonoids, polyphenols, carotenoids, and lipids) showed some differences for both extracts, which could be a possible reason for the observed difference in the antiviral activity. In conclusion, the innovative PBRs are a good platform for studying microalgal growth kinetics by applying different stress conditions from hydrodynamics and mass transfer subsystems. Both extracts showed promising potential for the isolation of metabolites with antiviral activity against BCoV and could be an object for future pharmacological investigations.
, Autochthonous Peruvian Natural Plants as Potential SARS-CoV-2 Mpro Main Protease Inhibitors, Pharmaceuticals, doi:10.3390/ph16040585
Over 750 million cases of COVID-19, caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), have been reported since the onset of the global outbreak. The need for effective treatments has spurred intensive research for therapeutic agents based on pharmaceutical repositioning or natural products. In light of prior studies asserting the bioactivity of natural compounds of the autochthonous Peruvian flora, the present study focuses on the identification SARS-CoV-2 Mpro main protease dimer inhibitors. To this end, a target-based virtual screening was performed over a representative set of Peruvian flora-derived natural compounds. The best poses obtained from the ensemble molecular docking process were selected. These structures were subjected to extensive molecular dynamics steps for the computation of binding free energies along the trajectory and evaluation of the stability of the complexes. The compounds exhibiting the best free energy behaviors were selected for in vitro testing, confirming the inhibitory activity of Hyperoside against Mpro, with a Ki value lower than 20 µM, presumably through allosteric modulation.